NRC 225 1st Edition Lecture 26Worksheet 51. Conservation LeadersMid to late 1800s-conservation leaders start popping upConservation became a movement in 1900’s with Gifford Pinchot & RooseveltGeorge Perkins Marsh-Man and NatureOnly person at his time life journey, education, memory, put things togetherShakers-Going about lives pursuing their philosophy into practiceQuiet example of people thinking consciously about resourcesDoing what Marsh wanted all people to doWhat was one innovation they made in their use of wood for conservation?Cut dead diseased and dying trees for furnitureThermal efficiency of home required less wood with invention of stoneUse communal dwelling instead of all separate housesGifford Pinchot and RooseveltPinchot says things and Roosevelt becomes president and listensCCC created by Roosevelt-bilateral effect with employment and fixing the forestsEvery 1 enrollee 14 people benefitedCCC was a New Deal program-first oneJoseph Cannon-most powerful politician everJohn WeeksPut Weeks Act into Congress to reforest national land to regulate stream flow to shut off all up stream problems All eastern mountain national forests are from Weeks ActHenry Graves,Raphael ZonPresident Roosevelt’s requested himMapped out were trees should grow for Protection Forest Belt to stop dust bowlWind break zone-Roosevelt put CCC in those areas and got it under controlAldo LeopoldHis life’s work brought him to the notion of the land ethicPeople and nature should live togetherColonized the environmental movement many years after his deathOne of the founders of wildlife ecology and managementWangari MaathaiStarted greenbelt movement-planted millions of treesWomen planted treesLater became a political movement that helped overturn the dictatorStarted out being completely dismissed by Kenyan government and then realizedThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.It was a social and political movementWon the Nobel Peace Prize-first African women to receive it DON’T NEED TO KNOW ABOUT SIGRID OLSON4. CCCForest firefighting and tree plantingCalled Roosevelt’s tree armyPut camps against each other-made them work fasterSome of the CCC workers had never even had shoes-gave them dignity$1 a day and $25 got sent homeLEMs-local experience men-saw filers, cooks, had high skills Became teachers, trainers, and mentors to CCC enrollees6. Disturbances:Tree gets hit by lightning-acute changeGap forms sunlight, water reach forest floor and trees growWhole area of white pine gets blown down by hurricane-acuteBrand new younger, even aged forestLow intensity wildfire burns slowly against window trough ponderosa pine-chronicGap DynamicsSingle Tree Selection-lightning or cut down one tree8. Object of thinning-promoting growth of selected treesImproving economic value of forest10. TRIADReserve-not touched by humansUtilization-managed a little by humansExtensively Managed-humans manage for multiple benefits and values11.High grading-when loggers take trees for money and cut all dominant and codominant Trees-dressed up by calling it diameter limit cutTell you the suppress trees will grow in their place but they wontOpposite of forest management12. Prepatory cut-strengthen trees that will be seed treesSeed Cut-open up largely areas reduce density of forest to get seed, light, water on floorRemoval Cut-13. Extra Credit Question14. Fire IntensityAlters the effect the fire has on floorCrown fire-acuteSurface fire-chronicIntensity can vary from not changing appearance to getting rid of all trees15.Trees provide shade which changes water temp 10-15 degrees which increases oxygen Level-the colder the water the more oxygen in itWater is warmer they need the oxygenShade and temperature are