HIST 1312 1st Edition Exam 1 Study Guide Lectures 1 7 World War I Serbian nationalism Gavrilo Princip and the assassination of Franz Ferdinand June 28 1914 o This was the start of WWI o Austria Hungary declared war July 28 1914 a local conflict became a world war trench warfare on the western front U S entry into the war German sub warfare Zimmermann telegram o May 1915 German submarine sank the liner Lusitania killed 124 Americans o March 1917 British spies intercepted and made public the Zimmerman telegram Was a message from Germans to Mexicans to strike a deal that if Mexico declared war on US and kept them occupied then Germany would help Mexico regain lands lost in the Mexican American war the Versailles Treaty and end of the war o Germany was blamed for the entirety of the war Germany and Japan in the 1930s Germans anger and humiliation over losing and being blamed for WWI rise of the Nazis and Hitler o Adolf Hitler gained control of Germany as Chancellor 1933 o Hitler ignored the Treaty of Versailles which said Germany could not rebuild an army Japan s empire building in the Pacific invasion of China atrocities racist ideology World War II Germany s invasion of Poland and the start of WWII in Europe Germany s rapid takeover of Europe o June 14 1940 German troops occupy Paris o Hitler now occupied nearly all of Europe o September 1940 Germany Italy and Japan created a military alliance Axis initial U S determination to stay out of the war o Most Americans wanted to remain desperately out of the war Pearl Harbor and U S entry into the war in the Pacific and in Europe o December 7 1941 Japanese planes bombed the naval base at Pearl Harbor in Hawaii o 2 000 American servicemen were killed o Roosevelt asks Congress for a Declaration of War progress of World War II in the Pacific North Africa and Europe how the war ended in Europe D Day fall of Germany and the Pacific atomic bombing of Japan Post World War II and the Cold War reconstruction of Europe Marshall Plan o Offered a positive vison to go along with containment o Marshall insisted that the policy was directed not against any country or doctrine but against hunger poverty desperation and chaos United Nations o There would be a General Assembly essentially a forum of discussion where each member enjoyed an equal voice o There would also be a Security Council responsible for maintaining world peace division of Europe NATO Warsaw Pact U S vs Soviet Union communism vs capitalism Truman Doctrine o Set a precedent for American assistance to anticommunist regimes throughout the world nuclear weapons Korean War division of Korean Peninsula Vietnam War Cuba Bay of Pigs missile crisis Berlin Wall o Solidified in 1991 Soviet invasion of Afghanistan Reagan Gorbachev and the fall of the Soviet Union post Cold War rise of al Qaeda Taliban takeover of Afghanistan 1993 World Trade Center bombing 1998 attacks on U S embassies in Africa 2000 attack on USS Cole 9 11 o Bush stated that terrorist attacked the US because we lover freedom that s why And they hate freedom o In his State of Union address of January 2002 the president accused Iraq Iran and North Korea of harboring terrorist and developing weapons of mass destruction nuclear chemical and biological that posed a potential threat to the US