Psy 223 1st Edition Lecture 10Current LectureTemperament CategoriesNew York longitudinal study:- Easy- Difficult- Slow to warm up- Hard to classify Easy and hard to classify are the dominant groups, “easy” makes up 40% of babies while “hard to classify” makes up 35% of babies Social bonds- Synchrony - AttachmentSynchrony - Being on the same wavelength or page…and it leads to severe trusting attachments. Thisis built through imitation where the parent responds to the childo Ex.) child is sad, parent is concerned, o Ex.) child is happy, parents are pleased and happy as well - Mutual interaction - Begins with parents imitating infants - Experience expectant - Last foundation for emotional and social competence Review Erikson - Trust vs. Mistrust- From birth to 18 months- Trust v mistrust- We gain trust when our needs are met- Trust results in an ego quality of hope- When are parents are meeting our needs we trust that others will do the same- Mistrust leads to withdrawal and core pathologyWhat is attachment?There are 4 categories of attachment - Secure- 25%- Insecure-avoidant 10-15%- Insecure-resistant/ambivalent- 20%- Disorganized - new classification What influences attachment?- Negligence, substance abuse, post partum depression, high levels of stress, poor social attachment... Many of these lead to insecure attachment- Maternal sensitivity leads to secure attachments- People with insecure attachments show more depressive symptoms, less likely to ask for help Gender Differences? Boys can be at greater risk for developing gender insecure attachments Social referencing- The ability to read or analyze the emotional meaning of another person’s facial expressions- Develops around age 1- Consulting caregiver- Determine how to respondInfants who have more secure attachments look for more social referencing Special topic: day care- The advantage and disadvantages depend on maternal relationship and the quality of the