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UNCW PSY 223 - SIDS

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PSY 223 1st Edition Lecture 7The First Two Years What are some things that develop during this time? Walking, speech, potty training begins, manipulation and understanding of objectsBody Changes in infancy:- Growth is fast- Neglect can be severe- Health check ups include: height, weight, head circumferenceBrain development- Brain growth- New experiences that build connections in the brainThe Brain: Review- Occipital lobe: needed for vision, relies on visual input- Parietal lobe: touch, pressure and pain are processed here- Frontal lobe: differentiates us from other primates, executive functions, deals with personality - Temporal lobe: required for hearing, auditory cortex Neurons are the brain cells that do the actual communicating. Dendrites and synapses form throughout growth, number of dendrites increases by five fold. The myelin on axons continues to be laid down as the brain develops. Basic brain structures:- Necessary and possible experiences- Experience-expectant functions-->brain is hardwired and ready to develop the needed function- Experience-dependent functions--> this is depended on what the person is exposed to and what is allowed to develop Sensation and Perception:- Sensation-what you actually take in- Perception-your own understanding of what you have experienced- All of the senses function at birth open eyes, sensitive ears, responsive noses, tongues and skinTaste and Smell:- Babies have preferences-->usually sweet taste is preferred - Breast milk is sweet and this influences the preference These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.Hearing:- Certain sounds trigger reflexes - Sudden noises- Rhythmic soundsVision:- At birth vision is the least developed sense- Legally blind at birth- Sensitive to bright lightSenses and motor skills: - Early sensation seems to have two major goalso Social interaction and comfortReflexes: Infants have a dozen reflexesThree sets are critical for survival 1.) Those that maintain oxygen supply2.) Those that maintain constant body temperature--> crying, shivering, tucking in and pushing away3.) Those that manage feeding--> swallowing, spitting upGross motor skills:- Three factors combine to allow toddlers to walko muscle strength,o brainmaturation within motor cortexo practice Senses and motor skills- Fine motor skills are physical abilities involving small body movements, especially of the hands and fingers - Ex) picking up a cheerio, drawingSpecial Topics: SIDSSudden Infant death syndrome (SIDS) - Die unexpectedly in their sleep- No apparent cause of death- In order to lower the risk, one must remove excessive stuffed animals, lay babies down on their back, don't use heavy quilts and blankets to cover the babyCognitive development - The first two years- Jean Piaget- Learning by acting- 6 stages within the sensorimotor periodStage One- Stage of reflexes- Lasts for one month- Reliance on movements and sensesStage Two- Stage of first habits- Lasts through months one and four- Adaptation beginsStage Three- Making interesting events last - Months 4-8- Increased interactionStage Four- New adaptation and anticipation - Months 8-12- Emergence of goal directed behavior- Object permanence emerges (or does


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UNCW PSY 223 - SIDS

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