NRC 225 1st Edition Lecture 7 Outline of Last Lecture I II III IV V VI VII Furs from all animals Course of Events As we traded with the Indians Practicality of the canoe Trading Currencies Ecological Footprint Forest Ecosystem Effects Outline of Current Lecture I Story of the Forest II The History of the forest Current Lecture Three Centuries of Forest Change in Southern New England Massachusetts Forests 1700 1800 loss of forest 1800 1900 forest growing 1900 2000 loss of forest Why are these changes happening Natural disturbance and human disturbance Chronic and Acute disturbances Every forest has a story Social Political and Economic Change changes the forest Natural disturbance changes social political and economic change We all came looking for greener pastures in the beginning 1700 Landscape mixed species uneven aged forest Caused by forest fires hurricanes natural disturbances People cleared forests to some degree but mostly lived among the trees 1730 Small subsistence farms mostly pasture clearing 2 3 acres year Isolated existence trading work and a barter economy The Kings Broad Arrow Enacted in 1711 Large cash fine Later became a capital offense The Liberty Tree Boston 1765 These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute Used as gathering point and symbol of trying to cast of England from America Symbol of the American Revolution Shows wealth of natural resources 1830 American Revolution is fought and won War of 1812 is fought and won Stable thriving close knit agrarian communities Diverse crops and livestock Solar based farming Mills and artisans Farming is rapidly growing People had learned the land and began understanding what crops grew best 60 90 of forests are cleared Population about 13 billion and 2 million of those were slaves Most people live on eastern sea board Southern New England Need for fuel was the ultimate constraint Thriving and stable economy ready to change Industrialization technological advances Transportation from freight wagons to Canal boat cargo Could expand sale of products across America Erie Canal Trees are fueling this barrels boats tools ect Farmers trying to compete against mid west which have better soil than New England 1850 Introduction of steam boats Far west is connected all the way down the Mississippi Fueled by wood thousands of cord of wood Landscapes are destroyed for wood 1849 California Gold Rush By the time the news reached the East thousands of people move out west Pope and Talbot in Maine Shaped landscape Wood arriving from Australia Chile Norway and Maine Sold the wood in San Francisco for 1000 1853 Pope and Talbot dismantle saw mill in Maine and brought it to Washington Sold 18 000 MBF year made lots of money 1861 Civil War use Springfield Rifled Muskets 4 million made Charcoal trees for wood Colt Factory in Hartford pistols E Whitney made fire arms and pistols Winchester Factory muskets Connecticut Valley making rifles Civil Wars Lose 1 10th of the population Railroad lines increase Age of Steel Age of Steal in a world made of Wood 1870 Transcontinental Railway finished 3 000 railroad ties wood platforms per mile of tracks Civilization pushed further and further west Native Americans Race to get to the west coast Immigration Open doors0people flooding in Coming to work in factories Factories made of wood and charcoal driven