Mgmt309 10 30 14 CHAPTER 13 Resistance to Change o People resist change because of Uncertainty about the extent and effects of change Threats to self interests and power and influence Different perceptions of change effects and outcomes Fear of loss of social networks power security and familiar procedures o Techniques for Overcoming resistance to change Encourage active participation in change process Provide education and communication about the change process Facilitate the Change Process by Making only necessary changes Announcing changes in advance Allowing time to adapt to change THE BRIGHT YOUNG NEWCOMER video office setting man responsible for group of women and a bright young newcomer comes in why are the people so resistant o Newcomer tries to change the filing system to make it easier and the current employees don t like her coming into the place and trying to make changes o Manager didn t speak to the new employee like he promised he would to the older employee o Betty old employee was resistant because she developed the whole filing system and the newcomer was coming in trying to make the filing system more efficient Changing Business Processes o Reengineering the radical redesign of all aspects of a business to achieve major gains in cost service or time o Why is Reengineering Necessary Entropy occurs as the maintenance of status quo puts an organization out of synch with its environment and it starts consuming its own resources o Approaches to Reengineering recognizing the need for change and acting on it with a sense of urgency Starting with a clean slate helps open up the process Blend of top down and bottom up involvement o Management Leadership Gung Ho VIDEO they performed leadership by initially working on the cars on the assembly line and eventually all the workers on strike followed benefits of specialization when you break the job down in smaller pieces you accomplish more Organization Development o Organization Development a planned organization wide effort managed from the top that is intended to increase organizational effectiveness and health through interventions in it s processes using behavioral science knowledge If you make small changes along the way that people wont notice you wont have to make massive changes reengineering o Organizational Development Assumptions Employees desire to grow and develop Employees have a strong need to be accepted Individuals will influence the organization and the organization will influence individuals o Organization Development Techniques Diagnostic Activities Questionnaires Surveys Education Role playing Coaching and Counseling 360 degree feedback where you are getting feedback from every person you interact with from your managers subordinates peers and clients developing the employee Planning and Goal Setting Life and Career Planning Team Building Survey Feedback o Organization Development Notes The effectiveness of Organization Development varies Its focuses on updating employee skills on a continual basis rather than reaching a point where the obvious need for change exists Organization Development s Goal is to minimize the magnitude of future changes by recognizing small changes that can take place over time Organizational Innovation o How do you distinguish radical and incremental innovation o How do you distinguish technical and managerial innovation o How do you distinguish product and process innovation o Innovation the managed effort of an organization to develop new products or services or new uses for existing products or services Radical Innovation VS Incremental Innovation o Radical Innovation fundamentally changes the nature of competition in an industry A new product or service or technology developed by an organization that completely replaces the existing product service or technology in an industry Ex Music Industry from Records to 8Tracks to Cassettes to CDs to Online Streaming o Incremental Innovation doesn t significantly affect competition in an industry A new product service or technology that MODIFIES an existing one EX iphone 4 iphone 5 iphone 6 it operates the same way as previous iphone it did not change substantially to prior product Technical Innovation VS Managerial Innovation o Technical Innovation changing the physical appearance or performance of a product or service or the physical processes through which a product or service is manufactured Fiber optics replacing wiring o Managerial Innovation changing the management processes by which products and services are conceived built and delivered to customers Product Innovation VS Process Innovation o Product Innovation a change in the physical characteristics or performance of existing products or service or the creation of brand new products or services Xbox360 XboxOne o Process Innovation a change in the way a product or service is manufactured created or distributed Innovation o Reasons for Failing to Innovate Lack of resources Failure to recognize opportunities resistance to change o Promoting Innovation in Organizations Use a reward system Have a supportive organizational culture Encourage Intrapreneurship inside a corporation on 3 levels in Larger Organizations Inventors conceives of and develops new ideas Production Champions middle managers who learns about the project helps overcome organization resistance and convinces others to take innovation seriously Sponsors top level managers who approves and supports project willing to fight for project as advocate QUESTION AT T frequently asks its employees to measure such things as workers job satisfaction to figure out why turnover has been so high This is an Organizational Development OD technique know as o A Survey Feedback o B Team Building o C Coaching and Counseling o D Diagnostic Activities o E Third Party Peacemaking 10 30 2014 10 30 2014
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