CMPE12 Cyrus BazeghiProgram Flow ChartingHow to tackle the beginning stage of a program designCMPE12 Cyrus Bazeghi2A ProgramSet of instructions written in a programming language that tells the computer what to doCMPE12 Cyrus Bazeghi3Programmers• Prepare instructions that make up the program• Run the instructions to see if they produce the correct results• Make corrections• Document the program• Interact with– Users– Managers– Systems analysts• Coordinate with other programmers to build a complete systemCMPE12 Cyrus Bazeghi4The Programming Process• Defining the problem• Planning the solution• Coding the program• Testing the program• Documenting the programCMPE12 Cyrus Bazeghi5The Programming Process: Defining the Problem• What is the input• What output do you expect• How do you get from the input to the outputCMPE12 Cyrus Bazeghi6The Programming Process: Planning the Solution• Algorithms– Detailed solutions to a given problem• Sorting records, adding sums of numbers, etc..• Design tools– Flowchart– Pseudocode• Has logic structure, but no command syntaxCMPE12 Cyrus Bazeghi7• Desk-checking– Personal code design walk through• Peer Reviews– “Code walk through”/structured walk throughThe Programming Process: Planning the SolutionCMPE12 Cyrus Bazeghi8Flow ControlElementsThe Programming Process: Planning the SolutionCMPE12 Cyrus Bazeghi9The Programming Process: Planning the SolutionAccept series of numbers and display the averageCMPE12 Cyrus Bazeghi10The Programming Process: Coding the Program• Translate algorithm into a formal programming language• Within syntax of the language• How to key in the statements?– Text editor– Programming environment • Interactive Development Environment (IDE)CMPE12 Cyrus Bazeghi11The Programming Process: Testing the Program• Translation – compiler– Translates from source module into object module– Detects syntax errors• Link – linkage editor (linker)– Combines object module with libraries to create load module– Finds undefined external references• Debugging– Run using data that tests all statements– Logic errorsCMPE12 Cyrus Bazeghi12The Programming Process: Documenting the Program• Performed throughout the development• Material generated during each step– Problem definitions– Program plan– Comments within source code– Testing procedures– Narrative– Layouts of input and output– Program listingCMPE12 Cyrus Bazeghi13• 1stGeneration: Machine Level• 2ndGeneration: Assembly Level• 3rdGeneration: High Level Procedural Level LanguagesCMPE12 Cyrus Bazeghi14FORTRANThird Generation LanguagesCMPE12 Cyrus Bazeghi15COBOLThird Generation LanguagesCMPE12 Cyrus Bazeghi16BASICThird Generation LanguagesCMPE12 Cyrus Bazeghi17Third Generation
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