Anthropology 101 1st Edition Lecture 11 Outline of Last Lecture I Adaptation a Secular trends b Physiological not genetic c Plasticity II Medical anthropology III Structural violence IV Behavioral adaptation V Cultural adaptation VI Prion VII Kuru VIII Mad cow disease IX Spongiform Encephalitis Outline of Current Lecture I Culture II Learned culture III Shared culture IV Society V Ethnic group These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute VI Cultural adaption VII Ethnocentrism VIII Cultural relativism Current Lecture Culture societies shared and socially transmitted ideas values and preceptions Enculturated everyone will become a full working member learns to become a member in that society Learned Culture not biologically inherited the societies appropriate way to satisfy biologically determined needs primates have greatest amount of learning ability growing up in group through observation imitation inference and communication Shared Culture all members hold a shared set of values ideas perceptions standards and behaviors capable of communicating and interacting without explaining no societies that don t exhibit culture Symbolic Culture signs emblems things that are arbitrary to represent meaning language is most significant transportation by which humans transmit culture from generation to generation Integrated Culture all aspects function together change can affect another part of culture divided into 3 categories superstructure social structure and infra structure Dynamic Culture responds to motions and action within and around them must be flexible enough to allow adjustment Society organized group of people who share language culture and territory Subculture within a larger society with distinct standards behavior patterns i e Amish in N America is a subculture os N America Ethnic Groups collectively and publicly identify themselves based on culture features shared ancestry origins language cutoms Pluralistic Society multiple ethnic groups are politically organized on territory but maintain differences Ethnicity ideas held by one ethnic group Superstructure societies shared sense of identity and worldview collective ideas beliefs and values by which a group makes sense of the world shape challenges and opportunities religion and ideology Social Structure rules governed relationships with all their rights to hold the members together household family Infra Structure economic foundation including subsistence practices Cultural Adaptation complex ideas technologies activities that allow the members to survive thrive in their environment Ethnocentrism belief that the way of life of ones own culture is the only proper way of life anthropologists must approach with different views Cultural Relativism suspending judgement in order to understand them in their culture terms
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