Anthropology 101 1st Edition Lecture 11Outline of Last Lecture I. Adaptation a. Secular trends b. Physiological not genetic c. Plasticity II. Medical anthropology III. Structural violence IV. Behavioral adaptation V. Cultural adaptation VI. Prion VII. KuruVIII. Mad cow diseaseIX. Spongiform Encephalitis Outline of Current Lecture I. CultureII. Learned cultureIII. Shared cultureIV. SocietyV. Ethnic groupThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.VI. Cultural adaption VII. Ethnocentrism VIII. Cultural relativism Current LectureCulture- societies shared and socially transmitted ideas, values, and preceptionsEnculturated- everyone will become a full working member, learns to become a member in that societyLearned Culture- not biologically inherited, the societies appropriate way to satisfy biologically determinedneeds, primates have greatest amount of learning ability, growing up in group, through observation, imitation, inference and communicationShared Culture- all members hold a shared set of values, ideas, perceptions, standards and behaviors, capable of communicating and interacting without explaining, no societies that don't exhibit cultureSymbolic Culture- signs, emblems, things that are arbitrary to represent meaning, language is most significant transportation by which humans transmit culture from generation to generationIntegrated Culture- all aspects function together, change can affect another part of culture, divided into 3 categories, superstructure, social structure, and infra structure Dynamic Culture- responds to motions and action within and around them, must be flexible enough to allowadjustmentSociety- organized group of people who share language. culture and territorySubculture- within a larger society, with distinct standards, behavior patterns- (i.e. Amish in N. America is a subculture os N. America)Ethnic Groups- collectively and publicly identify themselves based on culture features, shared ancestry, origins, language, cutomsPluralistic Society- multiple ethnic groups are politically organized on territory but maintain differencesEthnicity- ideas held by one ethnic groupSuperstructure- societies shared sense of identity and worldview, collective ideas, beliefs, and values by which a group makes sense of the world shape, challenges and opportunities, religion andideology Social Structure- rules-governed relationships with all their rights, to hold the members together, household, family, Infra Structure- economic foundation, including subsistence practicesCultural Adaptation- complex ideas, technologies, activities that allow the members to survive/thrive in their environment Ethnocentrism- belief that the way of life of ones own culture is the only proper way of life, anthropologists must approach with different viewsCultural Relativism- suspending judgement in order to understand them in their culture
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