Dimensions Used to Classify Police BehaviorThree Perspective of Police Behavior and ElementsModels of Police BehaviorElements of Police CulturePolice FuneralsSources of Police StressPotential Negative Effects of Stress Among PoliceFactors Contributing to Suicide1Policing in America, Fifth Edit ionPolicing in AmericaFifth EditionPolice Culture and BehaviorLarry K. GainesVictor E. Kappelercopyright 2005 LexisNexis / Anderson PublishingChapter 8Policing in America, Fifth Edit ionDimensions Used to Classify Police BehaviorResearcher DimensionsCoates (1972) Used self-perceptions of police officers to develop typology. Did not attempt to use pre-determined dimensions.White (1972) Used police officer values and the application of techniques. Either dimension could be anchored particularistic (recognition that differences exist among people) or universalistic (belief that no differences exist).Muir (1977) Used the morality or willingness to use coercion or force and perspective about citizens (either cynical or empathetic) as the classification dimensions.Broderick (1987) Used emphasis on the need for social order and emphasis on due process and individual rights as the dimensions in the classification system.Policing in America, Fifth Edit ionThree Perspective of Police Behavior and Elements• Psychological Perspective– Predispositional model– Authoritarian personality• Sociological Perspective– Professionalization– Socialization model• Anthropological Perspective–Worldview–Ethos–Themes– PostulatesPolicing in America, Fifth Edit ionModels of Police BehaviorCulturalizationSocializationPredispositionalAnthropologicalSociologicalPsychologicalIndividual BehaviorGroup BehaviorModels PerspectivesPolicing in America, Fifth Edit ionElements of Police Culture• World View– The manner in which a group sees the world and its relationship to the world• Ethos– The fundamental spirit of a culture; its sentiments and beliefs• Themes– Dynamic affirmations or recurrent beliefs• Postulates– Statements of belief expressed by members of the groupPolicing in America, Fifth Edit ionPolice Funerals• Police funerals act as powerful cultural rituals• They reinforce the dangers of the occupation• They reinforce group solidarity• They remind the public of the dangers of police work2Policing in America, Fifth Edit ionSources of Police Stress• Life-Threatening Stressors• Social Isolation Stressors• Organizational Stressors• Functional Stressors• Personal Stressors• Physiological Stressors• Psychological StressorsPolicing in America, Fifth Edit ionPotential Negative Effects of Stress Among Police• Suicide• Alcoholism & Drug Abuse• Divorce• Heart Disease• Mortality• Ulcers & Digestive Disorders• Colon & Liver Cancer• DiabetesPolicing in America, Fifth Edit ionFactors Contributing to Suicide• Abuse of Alcohol & Drugs• Deviance & Corruption• Access to Firearms• Depression• Male Organizations• Family & Economic Problems• Alienation & Cynicism• Role Conflict• Physical & Mental
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