GEOL1010 Hour Exam 2 28 Feb 2005 1 Soils typical of regions with low rain fall and characterized by deposition of calcite due to a net evaporation of water are known as a pedalfers b pedocals c laterites d bauxites e evaporites 2 The unconsolidated deposit of broken rock material on the surface of a planet is known as a a pedalfer b pedocal c laterite d regolith e evaporites 3 Soils of tropical rain forests commonly deep red in color and containing oxides and hydroxides of iron and aluminum are known as a pedalfers b pedocals c laterites d bauxites e evaporites 4 The processes of oxidation hydration and biological activity act to break down rocks at the Earth s surface Together these processes constitute a acid rain b mechanical weathering c chemical weathering d mass wasting e metasomatism 5 Chemical weathering is most rapid which type of climate a cold and wet b cool and wet c cool and dry d warm and wet e warm and dry 6 The yellow rust stain seen on stream boulders in some areas of Colorado are an indication of a acid mine drainage b mass wasting c lead contamination d mechanical weathering e acid rain 7 Which of the following sequences of rock names has the correct arrangement in order of decreasing particle diameters a Conglomerate shale sandstone b Shale siltstone sandstone c Breccia shale sandstone siltstone d Conglomerate sandstone siltstone shale e Shale sandstone conglomerate 8 The following products all result from chemical weathering EXCEPT a Iron hydroxide b CaCO3 in solution c clays d feldspar e sulfuric acid 9 A well sorted fine grained quartz sandstone exhibiting large and extensive cross bedding was probably deposited in a a alluvial fan b lagoon c abyssal plain d desert e shallow sea 10 In any sequence of sedimentary rocks the beds are presumed to have been deposited in sequence with the oldest on the bottom and the youngest on top This is the principal of a superposition b cross cutting c physical continuity d original horizontality e mass wasting 11 A sedimentary rock composed of angular sand pebble and cobble sized particles is a a sandstone b breccia c conglomerate d cobblestone e shale 12 The most abundant mineral in most eolian sandstone is a calcite b clay c quartz d gypsum e feldspar 13 Which of the following minerals would not occur in an evaporite a halite b gyspum c calcite d sylvite e zircon 14 The coast of SE Alaska is marked by high mountains volcanic rocks fast streams cool temperatures and high rain and snow falls The sediments would not have time to completely weather chemically in such an environment The rivers deposit sand at the coastline What kind of sand would you expect in this environment a Arkosic feldspathic b carbonate c conglomerate d gypsum e eolian 15 Most of the gold and silver deposits here in Boulder County are the result of hot aqueous solutions emanating from granitic plutons that have intruded the Precambrian gneisses during the Tertiary 30 50 million years ago The process of hydrothermal alteration has weathered or hydrated the rock and deposited veins that contain quartz pyrite native gold gold tellurides and silver sulfide minerals The general term for this process of ore formation by chemical exchange with fluids is a migmatitization b foliation c zeolitic alteration d metasomatism e polymorphism 16 What is the distinguishing characteristic used to define the terms gravel sand silt and clay a mineralogy b rock type c location d particle size e particle shape 17 A conglomerate formation contains cobbles of andesite intermediate volcanic rock The andesite was dated radiometrically at 78 million years Based on this date we can infer the conglomerate layer to be a more than 78 million years old b 78 million years old c less than 78 million years old d nearly 7000 years old e no inference is possible 18 The solid state transformation of pre existing rock into texturally or mineralogically distinct new rock is known as a sedimentation b mass wasting c lithification d metamorphism e metasomatism 19 The high grade metamorphic equivalent of a limestone is a a metaquartzite b eclogite c migmatite d slate e marble 20 Every mineral or mineral assemblage has a range of temperatures and pressures at which it is the most stable configuration of the elements present With increasing pressure such mineral assemblages typically become a cooler b coarser c finer grained d more dense e less dense 21 The metamorphic facies characteristic of high pressure low temperature rocks from a subduction zone is a hornfels b granulite c zeolite d blueschist e greenschist 22 Land mammals and flowering plants proliferated during the a Proterozoic b Cambrian c Mississippian d Tertiary e Pleistocene 23 The Era of the dinosaurs is subdivided into the Triassic Jurassic and Cretaceous Periods This Era is the a Pre Cambrian b Paleozoic c Mesozoic d Cenozoic e Quaternary 24 Which of the following radioactive isotopes is formed in the atmosphere by cosmic ray bombardment b 40K c 87Rb d 238U e 235U a 14C 25 If the amount of a radioactive element is 1 4 the amount originally present how many half lives have gone by a 1 b 2 c 3 d 4 e 3 4 26 An electron that escapes from a decaying radioactive isotope is called a a Alpha particle b beta particle c gamma photon d meson e X ray 27 Any material that undergoes continuous plastic deformation is said to be a anisotropic b brittle c sectile d ductile e elastic 28 Deformation that is not recovered permanent on release on an applied force is said to be a isostatic b shear c compressional d plastic e elastic 29 The compass direction of the intersection of any tilted planar feature such as bedding with the horizontal is the a inclination b strike c declination d dip e elevation Questions 30 33 pertain to the designated faults in the diagram below 30 30 This type of fault is a a reverse fault b thrust fault 31 32 c normal fault d strike slip fault e not my fault 31 This type of fault is a a reverse fault b thrust fault c normal fault d strike slip fault e not my fault 32 This type of fault is a a reverse fault b thrust fault c normal fault d strike slip fault e not my fault Questions 33 35 pertain to the designated region in the diagram below 33 33 This type of fold is a n a anticline b syncline 34 35 c monocline d basin e horst 34 This type of fold is a n a anticline b syncline c monocline d basin e horst 35 This type of fold is a n a anticline b syncline c monocline d basin e horst 36 Extensive reverse and thrust faulting in
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