PSYC 2606: Social Self
44 Cards in this Set
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William James
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prefers "self" over "personality"
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multiple selves
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-material self
-spiritual self
-social selves
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Material Self
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The element of the self reflected in all the tangible things you own
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spiritual self
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essence of who you really are; sense of free will
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when do infants begin to recognize their imagine in a mirror?
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18-24 months
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Rouge Test
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measurement of self-recognition
-put a spot of rouge on kids face and put them in front of a mirror
*must touch their face**
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self-schema
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organized set of experiences and knowledge that guides our self cognition
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theory of social comparison
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people compare themselves to others to determine worth and competence (under conditions of uncertainty)
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distinctiveness postulate
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people focus on their unusual traits during self-analysis
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objective self awareness (OSA)
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self-focused attention on personal behaviors and beliefs
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OSA
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general tendency for research participants to become self-critical during objective self-aware state
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Beaman et al
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Halloween study
-candy placed in front of mirror or no mirror
-kids see reflection: OSA (take less)
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jurors in front of mirrors are more likely to...
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demand stricter punishment for defendant
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cameras in the courtroom
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OSA juries
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cameras during exam
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no cheating
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alcohol & OSA
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takes us out of OSA states
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Situated Identities
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Role of social situation on the self-schema --> self awarness
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private self-consciousness
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attention to non-public, introspective aspects of self
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Public Self-Consciousness
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projecting a positive image to others → attempt to control one's social image
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Role of Guilt (private anxiety) vs embarassment (public anxiety)
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in situtated identities
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ingratiation
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use of "spontaneous" and well-constructed flattery
-goal= affection
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Vonk
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Subjects with high vs low self esteem have different cognitive responses to flattery
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intimidation
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aggressive strategy designed to dominate others
-goal= fear
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self-promotion
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boasting behavior (or extreme modesty) focused on personal accomplishments
-goal= appear competent
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basking in reflective glory (BIRG)
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act of playing up our associations with high status people or events
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cutting off reflected failure
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distancing ourselves from low-status people or events
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self-monitoring
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tendency to regulate one's social behavior based on either social demands or internal factors
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high self-monitors
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adapt social behavior to fit situations and public expectations
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low self-monitors
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ignore social demands and act based on personal values and beliefs
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Trends in Self Monitoring Research: HSM
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-Better at facial expression and producing emotions on demand and "reading" social situations. -More concerned with the physical appearance of partner.
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Trends in Self Monitoring Research: LSM
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less likely to be persuaded by authority
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self-disclosure
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process of revealing intimate information about ourselves to others
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Strangers on a train
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people are more likely to tell complete strangers things about yourself you normally would not
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Stages in Development of Self-Disclosure
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Stage 1: Orientation
"stranger stage" and exchange basic, superficial information
Stage 2: Exploratory Stage
"acquaintances" give experiences, anecdotes, not emotional
Stage 3: Affective Exchange
"friend" emotional stuff, likes, dislikes, motivations
Stage 4: Stable Exchange
no awk…
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stage 1
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orientation
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stage 2
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exploratory exchange
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stage 3
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affective exchange
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stage 4
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stable exchange
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orientation
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"stranger stage" and exchange basic, superficial information
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exploratory exchange
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"acquaintances" give experiences, anecdotes, not emotional
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"acquaintances" give experiences, anecdotes, not emotional
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"friend" emotional stuff, likes, dislikes, motivations
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stable exchange
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no awkwardness or judging, can literally say anything with no unstable reaction. Most people never make it to this stage.
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norm of reciprocity
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expectation that both sides should make intimate self-disclosures
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self-disclosure & relationships
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in early conversation vs later: strong influence on attraction
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PSYC 2606: Social Self