MCB 181 1st Edition Lecture 14Outline of Previous Lecture I. The Cell SurfaceII. Cell CommunicationIII. Types of Cell ConnectionIV. Clicker QuestionsOutline of Current Lecture I. MitochondriaII. Cellular RespirationIII. Clicker QuestionsCurrent LectureI. Mitochondriaa. Mitochondria is an organelle virtually found in all eukaryotic cellsb. It has two membranesc. The interior membrane is infoldedi. This creates sac like structures called cristaeii. The region inside the inner membrane but outside the cristae is called the matriciii. Most of the enzymes responsible for the Krebs cycle are located in the matrixII. Cellular RespirationOverall chemical reaction for glucose conversion to ATP:C6H12O6 + 6O2 + ADP 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATPa. What happens when a phosphate or ATP molecule binds to a specific site in an enzyme?i. The shape of the enzyme changesii. The activity of the enzyme changes with the change of shapeiii. This can trigger the synthesis of second messenger moleculesiv. Or contribute to the initiation of a phosphorylation cascadeb. What is a reduction-oxidation reaction?i. Reduction-oxidation reactions (redox reactions) involve the loss or gain of anelectron1. The atom that loses one or more electrons is oxidized2. The atom that gains one or more electrons is reducedii. Oxidation events are always coupled with a reductionc. What happens when glucose is oxidized?i. When glucose burns, the change in potential energy is converted to kinetic energy in the form of heatii. 686 kcal of heat is released when one mole of this sugar is oxidizedIII. Clicker QuestionsAssertion ReasonMost of the biochemical reactions that occur in the cells are endergonic.BecauseFor endergonic reactions to proceed, energy is required. The energy will come directly from the glucose molecules.Assertion is true; Reason is
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