ScotlandEarthEarthGeographyHistory of the ScotsHistory TimelineSlide 7Celtic Creation MythsScottish American CultureCultureCultureAreas outlined in red have the greatest proportion of reported Scottish ancestryNotable Scottish AmericansValuesSlide 15The SporranFormFunctionFacilitationTriangulationTargetSlide 22TasteTasteVenueMarketing MixSlide 27Slide 28Slide 29Slide 30SourcesScotlandPresented by: Michael Neil, Cameron Connally and Natalie Joseph•Scotland is a nation in northwest Europe and is one of the four constituent countries of the United Kingdom.•Consists of over 790 islands.EarthEarth•Scotland’s climate is generally colder than the rest of the United Kingdom. The winter’s maximum average is 42.8 °F in the lowlands, and is 64.4 °F in the summer. •Western Scotland is usually warmer due to the Atlantic Ocean currents. •The Inner Hebriges is one of the sunniest places throughout the country. It roughly has 300 days of sunshine. •Western Highlands of Scotland are the wettest place, averaging 120 inches of rainfall each year.Geography •There are 3 main subdivisions:–the Highlands and Island,– the Central Lowland –the Southern Uplands.•Ben Nevis, the highest mountainous peak reaches 4,408 feet.•Surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, North Sea, The Minch, Little Minch, Firth of Lorn, Firth of Clyde and Firth of ForthHistory of the Scots•There are many theories as to where the Scots originated from. Most articles speculate that they were early hunters around 11,000 years ago after the end of the end of the Devensian glaciation.•The modern Scots are a blend of early hunters, Romans, and Picts.History Timeline•8500 BC- Mesolithic hunter-gatherer camps form•3500 BC- Neolithic farming brought permanent housing•1000 BC- Hill forts start to appear among quarrelsome tribes and small kingdoms•79 AD- Romans invade Scotland•1018 AD- Battle of Carham. Malcolm II defeats the Northumbrians and pushes Scotland’s border to the River of Tweed where it remains todayHistory Timeline1274-1329 Robert the Bruce- King of Scotland, defeated the English army and freed Scotland from English rule; ending the 30 years of Wars of Independence?-1305 William Wallace See “Braveheart”1542-1587 Mary Queen of Scotts Became queen when she was only 6 days old. The first female to rule ScotlandCeltic Creation MythsGiants were believed to be the original god’s. One giant was believed to have been frozen by the first winter. Fire came and melted him and his body became our world. His blood filled up our oceans, his bones made our mountains, forests sprung up from his hair and lastly, his skull became our sky. In the core of the earth, on mountainous hills is where the gods lived. In the valleys below was thought to be the home of the dead filled with secrets.Scottish American CultureMUSIC•Bagpipes•Harp•Fiddle•Accordion•Around 1000 BC, small settlements start to occur and clans form.–Strong family ties•Invading Romans find Picts impossible to conquer. Scottish clans are self governing.–Self sustaining/ governing tribes leads to many variations among clans•1018 Southern border pushed farther–Clans begin to form pacts and form a more social governmentCultureFood and DrinkFood and Drink•HaggisHaggis•Buccleuch Scotch beefBuccleuch Scotch beef•Short breadShort bread•CranachanCranachan•Scotch whiskyScotch whisky•Only poorer Scotts wear kilts. Thus, only poorer Scotts wear sporrans•Men have transgender roles as viewed by society today.•Men were hunters/farmers and women were caregivers/farmersHistorical re-enactor relaxing between shows at the Highland games in Pleasanton, CA.Culture•Whiskey is a large part of Scottish culture. It was made at the end of barley crops or if the harvest was ruined by rain–Whiskey didn’t freeze in the winter. It was a source of liquid in the highlands•Scotland's long literary heritage dates back to a time before Christian missionaries brought a more widespread literacy to the country. •The monasteries founded in the 5th and 6th centuries became important seats of learning and teaching, with emphasis on artistic skills such as carving and handwriting.•Scottish American reading•Scotland's national drink, whisky - in the Gaelic, uisge beatha (pronounced oosh-ga beh-huh), meaning water of life - has been produced here and is a common drink for upscale parties and eventsAreas outlined in red have the greatest proportion of reported Scottish ancestryNotable Scottish Americans•Alexander Hamilton• Andrew Carnegie Johnny Cash•Edgar Allan Poe Reese Witherspoon•Nobility & pride •Family/Marriage–Relationships: Scots are known for their silent and reserved manner. It is unusual for them to be seen holding hands, kissing, or touching in public. We suspect more traditional Scottish Americans respect these values as well. Valuesmusic (symbolic & meaningful)•Scottish and Irish music has long been a major part of American music•In the 1960s, performers like the Clancy Brothers become stars in the Irish music scene, which dates back to the colonial era, when many Irish immigrants arrived. •At first, these were mostly Scots-Irish Presbyterians. There music was most closely related to a Lowland Scottish styleValues•Education: Scots read more newspapers than any other European people. About 95 percent of adult Scots are literate. Scottish Americans can be associated with having high work ethics, due to their strive for high education.–Great value is placed on higher education•Employment: An estimated 60 % of Scotland's labor force is employed in service industries. •Scottish American “Protestant Work Ethic”•Predominantly Protestant, Presbyterian & Baptist •Hobbies: Crafts such as pottery, hand-knitting, jewelry-making, and weaving are widely practiced and can be showcased at Scottish American festivalsThe Sporran•The origin of the sporran coincides with the traditional highland kilt, since a kilt does not have the convenience of pockets a pouch became a useful means of keeping together valuable items.•Sporrans generally fall into three categories: Daywear sporrans, which are generally of leather and are worn as informal dress or hunting, dress sporrans, which are made from sealskin, musquash, rabbit, badger etc and are purely formal items and semi dress sporrans which are designed to be a compromise of the two. •Original sporrans dating from the fourteenth century and