BIOM 209 1st Edition Lecture 15 Outline of Last Lecture I. Question/Answer’sOutline of Current Lecture I. Question/Answer’sII. RNA PolymeraseIII. mRNAsIV. tRNAs and Coding for Amino AcidsV. Mechanisms of translationA. InitiationB. Peptide Bond FormationC. TranslocationD. TerminationCurrent LectureI. Question/Answer’sA. How many different types of tRNAs are used to decode mRNA? 61 (there are 64 total, but three are stop codons and are therefore not recognized by tRNAs)B. Which is attached to a tRNA when it is bound to the ribosome A site? Either an amino acid or polypeptideII. RNA polymerase A. Synthesizes a transcript of a gene starting at a promoter sequence and ending at a terminator 1. Uses one strand of DNAIII. Messenger RNAsA. The presence of intervening regions (introns) in eukaryotic genes means that messenger RNAs have to be processed to remove these regions prior to translationB. mRNA produced by gene transcription is translated into specific polypeptides using transfer RNAs (rRNAs) and ribosomesC. The gene sequence is ‘read’ as sets of three nucleotides 1. Known as the triplet codeIV. tRNAs and Coding for Amino AcidsA. Each tRNA molecule carries a specific amino acid that corresponds to a particular nucleotide triplet (codon)B. With the help of a ribosome, tRNAs use their anticodons to pair with codons in mRNA, allowing assembly of the amino acids in a specific order1. Creates a polypeptideThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.2. The sequence of information can be decoded in three separate framesC. Typically only one way of reading these sequences leads to an appropriate protein1. Alignment of ribosomes at the start of translation assures the correct frame is usedD. Amino acids are specified by >1 triplet (codon)1. Proteins start with AUG codon, specifying the amino acid methionine2. UAA, UAG, UGA are stop codons – release factor recognizes stop codonV. Mechanisms of translationA. InitiationB. Peptide Bond FormationC. TranslocationD.
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