BS 161 1st Edition Lecture 35Outline of Last Lecture I. Gene expressionOutline of Current Lecture II. Gene expressionIII. VirusesCurrent Lecture-oncogenes: cancer causing genes-proto-oncogenes: corresponding normal cellular genes that are responsible for normal cell growth and division-example: growth factor receptor-conversion of a proto-oncogene to an oncogene can lead to abnormal stimulation of the cell cycle-proto-oncogenes can be converted to oncogenes by-movement of DNA within the genome: if it ends up near an active promoter, transcription may increase-amplification of a proto-oncogene: increases the number of copies of the gene-point mutations in the proto-oncogene or its control elements: causes an increase in gene expression-dominant: only one allele needs to be changed in order to express the phenotype-recessive: both alleles must be mutated in order to exhibit the phenotype-allele: alternative form of DNA at a given locus-locus: a specific location on a chromosome-tumor suppressor genes: help prevent uncontrolled cell growth-viruses: very small infectious particles consisting of nucleic acid enclosed in a protein coat and, in some cases, a membranous envelope; NOT cells-may consist of…-double or single stranded DNA-double or single stranded RNA-capsid: the protein shell that encloses the viral DNA-made of capsomere
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