BS 161 1st Edition Lecture 31 Outline of Last Lecture I. Transcription translationOutline of Current Lecture II. Transcription translation continuedCurrent Lecture-triplet code: basis for flow of information from gene to protein; a series of non-overlapping 3 nucleotide words-example: AGT-genetic code: specifies which amino acids will be used to build a protein-codon: a sequence of three bases; each codon specifies a particular amino acid-start codon: AUG—initiation signal for translation-stop codons: stops translation and polypeptide is released (UAA, UAG, UGA)-each codon specifies the addition of one of 20 amino acids-codons must be read in the correct reading frame (correct groupings) in order for the specified polypeptide to be produced-the genetic code is nearly universal: the codons that specify amino acids are the same in all organisms-genes can be transcribed and translated after being transplanted from one species to another-example: pig expressing jellyfish gene-transfer RNA (tRNA): cell translates an mRNA message into a protein using this adaptor-molecules of tRNA are not identical-each carries a specific amino acid on one end-each has an anticodon on the other end-each interacts with
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