BS 161 1st Edition Lecture 29 Outline of Last Lecture I. DNA synthesisOutline of Current Lecture II. TranscriptionIII. TranslationCurrent Lecture-proteins are the link between genotype and phenotype-genotype: information content of DNA is in the form of specific sequences of nucleotides-phenotype: the DNA inherited by an organism leads to specific traits by dictating the synthesis of proteins-gene expression: the process by which DNA directs protein synthesis; includes transcription and translation-fundamental relationship between genes and proteins discovered by Beadel and Tatum-auxotrophs: arginine deficient mutants, each lacking a different enzyme necessary for synthesizing arginine-Beadel and Tatum made one gene – one enzyme hypothesis, which was wrong-one gene – one polypeptide hypothesis is correct -gene: a region of DNA that can be expressed to produce a functional product-genes code for RNA and protein only-example: mRNA and enzymes; not glycogen (a polysaccharide)-viruses: exceptions to the central dogma; acellular (noncellular) particles that reproduce inside cells, many have RNA instead of DNA-example: polio and RNA dependent DNA polymerase-messenger hypothesis: mRNA forms a complementary copy of DNA and carries information to the cytoplasm-transcription: the process of synthesizing mRNA-translation: the process of synthesizing a protein-primary transcript: the initial RNA transcript from any
View Full Document
Unlocking...