BS 161 1st Edition Lecture 31 Outline of Last Lecture I Transcription translation Outline of Current Lecture II Transcription translation continued Current Lecture triplet code basis for flow of information from gene to protein a series of non overlapping 3 nucleotide words example AGT genetic code specifies which amino acids will be used to build a protein codon a sequence of three bases each codon specifies a particular amino acid start codon AUG initiation signal for translation stop codons stops translation and polypeptide is released UAA UAG UGA each codon specifies the addition of one of 20 amino acids codons must be read in the correct reading frame correct groupings in order for the specified polypeptide to be produced the genetic code is nearly universal the codons that specify amino acids are the same in all organisms genes can be transcribed and translated after being transplanted from one species to another example pig expressing jellyfish gene transfer RNA tRNA cell translates an mRNA message into a protein using this adaptor molecules of tRNA are not identical each carries a specific amino acid on one end each has an anticodon on the other end each interacts with ribosomes
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