Psyc 101 1nd Edition Lecture 15 Outline of Last Lecture I. Cognitive Approaches to LearningOutline of Current Lecture II. Foundations of MemoryCurrent Lecture1. Define memory and the processes of memorya. Encoding- 1st stageb. Storage- maintenance of material saved in memoryc. Retrieval- memory in storage is retrieved and brought to awareness2. Describe the three- system theory of memorya. Sensory memory- the initial, momentary storage of info, lasting only an instantb. Short-term memory- memory that holds info for 15-25 secondsc. Long-term memory- memory that stores info on a relatively permanent basis, may be difficult to retrieve3. Describe sensory memorya. Iconic memory- visualb. Echoic memory- auditory4. Characteristics of short-term memorya. Memory chunk-grouping of info that can be stored in short-term memory5. How is info rehearsed in short-term memory (STM)?a. Rote repetitionb. Elaborative rehearsal- info is considered and organized in some fashionc. Mnemonics- formal techniques for organizing info in a way that will be remembered 6. Distinguish Working memory from Short term memorya. STM- manages new and oldb. WM- set of active, temporary memory stores that actively manipulate and rehearse infoc. WM-i. Central executive processorii. Visual storeiii. Verbal storeiv. Episodic bufferThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.7. Describe long-term memorya. Declarative memoryi. Semantic memory- memory for general knowledge and facts about the world, as well as memory for the rules of logic that are used to deduce other factsii. Episodic memory- memory for events that occur in a particular time/placeiii. Procedural memory- memory for skills and habits (riding a bike)8. What are semantic networks?a. Semantic networks- mental representations of clusters of interconnected infob. Spreading activation- activating one memory activates related memories9. Structures of brain involveda. Hippocampus- consolidation of memoriesb. Amygdala- emotional memoriesc. How does experience shape the brain?i. Allows us to develop specialized skills10. Describe how memories are processeda. Long-term potentiation- certain neural pathways become easily excited while a new response is being learnedb. Consolidation- memories become fixed and stable in long term