PSYCH 101 1nd Edition Lecture 8 Outline of Last Lecture I Vision Outline of Current Lecture II Hearing Other Senses Current Lecture 1 What is sound a The movement of air molecules brought about by a source of vibration 2 Describe the structural parts of the ear and the function of each part in detecting sound a Outer ear detects direction of sound b Eardrum vibrates when sound waves hit it c Middle ear hammer anvil and stirrup Just inside of eardrum Amplifies d Inner ear i Cochlea coiled tube in ear filled with fluid that vibrates in response to sound ii Basilar membrane covered with hair cells Vibrating structure that runs through cochlea dividing it into upper and lower chambers contains sense receptors for sound e What causes the sound waves to be converted into neural activity i Oval window 3 Describe the basic physical properties of sound a Frequency pitch number of wave cycles per second b Amplitude decibels Wave patterns that allow us to distinguish between loud and soft sounds 4 Distinguish between place theory and frequency theory of hearing a Place theory Different area of basilar membrane respond to different frequencies b Frequency theory Entire basilar membrane acts as microphone vibrating as a whole in response to sound 5 Explain how semicircular canals detect motion and produce the sense of balance a Semicircular canals i When head moves fluid moves through b Otoliths i Tiny motion sensitive crystals in semicircular canals These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute 6 Describe the sensory mechanisms of smell a Olfaction sense of smell i Olfactory cells Receptor neurons in nose ii Pheromones Scents affect emotions 7 Describe the sensory mechanisms of taste a Gustation sense of taste i Taste qualities 1 Sweet 2 Sour 3 Salty 4 Bitter 5 Umami ii Taste buds 1 Supertasters highly sensitive to taste 2 Nontasters insensitive to taste 8 Describe the senses of touch pressure temperature and pain What is Substance P a Skin senses touch pressure temperature b Substance P Transmits pain messages to brain 9 Describe the gate control theory of pain a Particular nerve receptors lead to specific area of brain related to pain 10 Give examples of different methods of managing pain a Medication most common b Nerve and brain stimulation c Light therapy depression d Hypnosis e Biofeedback f Surgery g Cognitive restructuring 11 Multimodal Perception a Synthesia