Psych 101 1nd Edition Lecture 7 Outline of Last Lecture I. Nervous SystemOutline of Current Lecture II. Sensation & VisionCurrent Lecture:Chapter 3: Module 8: Sensation1. Define sensation and perceptiona. Sensation- The activation of the sense organs by a source of physical energyb. Perception- The sorting out, interpretation, analysis, and integration of stimuli by the sense organs and brainc. What is a “sense” receptor?i. Free nerve endingsd. Stimulus- Energy that produces a response in a sense organ2. Distinguish between the methods used to study sensory thresholdsa. Absolute threshold- The smallest intensity of a stimulus that must be present to be detectedb. Difference threshold- Smallest level of positive or negative stimulation required to sense a change3. Weber’s Law- A basic law of psychophysics stating a just noticeable difference is a constant proportion to the intensity of an initial stimulus (rather than constant)4. Sensory adaptation- An adjustment in sensory capacity after prolonged exposure to unchanging stimuliChapter 3: Module 9: Vision1. Describe the structural components of the eyea. Cornea- transparent, protective windowb. Pupil- Dark hole in the center of the Irisc. Iris- Colored part of the eyed. Lens- Behind pupilThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.e. Retina- Converts electromagnetic energy of light to electrical impulses for transmission to brain2. What happens to light when it reaches the retina?a. Rods- thin, cylindrical receptor cells in retina, highly sensitive to lightb. Cones- Cone shaped, light sensitive receptor cells in retina responsible for sharp focus and colorc. Fovea- Focus. Where cones are concentrated3. How the message gets from the eye to the braina. Rods and cones> bipolar cells> ganglion cells> optic nerve> primary visual cortexb. What is the blind spot? – The opening of the optic nerve passes through the retina, there are no rods or cones in the areac. Why is the optic chiasm important? – Where each optic nerve splits4. Explain and describe the two theories of color visiona. Trichromatic theory of color visioni. Theory that there are 3 kinds of cones in retina, each responds primarily to a specific range of wavelengths1. Blue-Violet colors2. Green colors3. Yellow-Red colorsb. Opponent- process theory of color visioni. Receptor cells for color vision are linked in pairs, working in opposition1. Blue-Yellow2. Red-Green3. Black-White5. Which theory of color vision best explains afterimages?a. Opponent-process theory of color vision6. How do we know that both opponent processes and trichromatic mechanisms produce the perception of color vision?a. Different parts of the visual systemb. Tri- retinac. Opponent- retina and neuronal