Psych 101 1nd Edition Lecture 5 Outline of Last Lecture I. EthicsOutline of Current Lecture II. NeuronsCurrent Lecture:Chapter 2, Module 5: Neurons1.What are neurons?a.Basic element of the Nervous System2.Describe the structure of the neurona.Dendritesi.Clusters of fibers that receive messages from other neuronsb.Cell bodyi.Similar to the nucleus of a cellc.Axoni.Carries messages received by the dendrites to other neuronsd.Myelin sheathi.Fat and protein coatingii.Multiple sclerosis- Damaged Myelin sheathe.Terminal buttonsi.Or “axon terminal”ii.Sends messages to other neurons3.Describe the transmission of a message from neuron to neurona.All-or-none lawi.Neuron either fires or it doesn’tb.Resting statei.Electrical charge of the neuron before it firesii.Negative before firingc.Action potentiali.The electrical impulse that causes the neuron to fired.SynapseThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.i.The space between two neurons where the axon of a sending neuron communicates with the dendrites of a receiving neuron by using chemical messages4.Specialized neurons: Mirror neuronsa.Fire when you exhibit a certain behavior or you see someone else exhibiting a certain behavior (Stubbing toe reflex)5.What is a neurotransmitter?a.Chemicals that carry messages across the synapse to a dendrite (and sometimes the cell body) of a receiving neuron6.Describe the types of messages carried by neurotransmittersa.Excitatoryi.A chemical message that makes it more likely that a receiving neuron willfire and an action potential will travel down its axonb.Inhibitoryi.A chemical message that prevents or decreases the likelihood that a receiving neuron will firec.Reuptakei.The reabsorption of neurotransmitters by a terminal button7.Give functions of the key neurotransmittersa.Acetylcholinei.Transmits messages to skeletal musclesb.Glutamatei.Process of memoriesc.Gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA)i.Nervous systems primary inhibitory neurotransmitterd.Dopaminei.Movement, attention, and learninge.Serotonini.The regulation of sleepf.Endorphinsi.Painkiller, euphoric