Psych 101 1nd Edition Lecture 2 Outline of Last Lecture I What is Psychology Outline of Current Lecture II History Foundations Current Lecture Chapter 1 Module 2 History Foundations 1 The roots of psychology are in philosophy What led to it becoming more scientific Why is the year 1879 important a Wilhelm Wundt established the first psychology lab 2 What is structuralism Who was Wilhelm Wundt Describe the procedure called introspection a Structuralism is focused on uncovering the fundamental mental components of perception consciousness thinking emotions and other mental states activities b Wilhelm Wundt opened the first psychology lab in 1879 to study the building blocks of the mind c Introspection present people with a stimulus and have then describe in their own words what they were experiencing 3 Functionalism focuses on process and behavior Who are some of the main researchers and theorists associated with functionalism a Charles Darwin 1802 1882 b William James Stream of Conscousness c Functionalists broadened the field of psychology to include kids animals religious experiences and stream of consciousness 4 Describe the modern perspectives to understanding Psychology Thanks to John Watson a Neuroscience Biological i Considers how people and nonhumans function biologically ii Includes study of heredity evolution and behavioral neuroscience b Psychodynamic These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute i Sigmund Freud ii Behavior is motivated by inner forces conflicts in unconscious mind iii Theory of personality a method of psychotherapy iv Not as common anymore c Behavioral i John B Watson derived from structuralism and functionalism ii Conditioning Little Albert Class example iii B F Skinner 1 Reinforcement to lead to utopia iv Focuses on observable behavior that can be measured objectively d Cognitive i Focuses on how people think ii Attention perception e Humanistic i Carl Rogers Client centered therapy sense of self ii Abraham Maslow Hierarchy of Needs iii Emphasis on free will iv Achieving self fulfillment f Sociocultural i Focuses on the social cultural context of behavior 1 Lev Vygotsky ii Behavior evolves in sociohistorical context iii Shaped by cultural heritage iv Influenced by environment 5 Key Issues Concerns and questions in Psychology a Nature vs Nurture i Nature genetically determined ii Nurture Predisposition for Schizophrenia environmentally determined b Conscious vs Unconscious i Conscious Awareness of behavior source ii Unconscious Unaware of behavior source c Observable vs Inner Processes i Observable Can be seen or documented ii Inner Processes Must be measured indirectly d Determinism vs Free Will i Free Will Behavior is chosen ii Determinism Behavior is determined e Individual differences vs Universal Principles i Individual differences Behavior is widely different from person to person ii Universal Principles Same general principles apply to everyone Facial expressions respect for elders