Psych 380 1nd Edition Lecture 7Outline of Current Lecture I. Classical conditioningII. CounterconditioningIII. PhobiasCurrent LectureBehavioral and cognitive approaches-classical conditioning-conditioned responses-stimulus generation-operant conditioning-reinforcement-extinction-counterconditioning-exposure-systematic desensitization-flooding-participant modeling-aversion therapyArthur-student of Halgins-always sat in the back of the roomThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.-asked Halgin if he could see him for psychotherapy-Halgin said no b/c of the rule against teachers helping students, but once the kid passed the class he asked again and Halgin accepted-“I have two weird phobias. One is that I am terrified of being alone – even in his own apartment when his room mates were only going to be gone for just a few hours, and I have a fear of getting my blood pressure taken and I pass out when I see the “cuff” they use to take it”Questions you might ask?-what was your childhood/relationship with parents like?-were you ever victim of a burglary?-did you ever have a bad experience at the doctor?-do you have any siblings (maybe never alone as a kid and now is afraid to be alone?-Classical conditioning-condition stimulus-adaptions and maladaptionsHow did Arthur develop these phobias?-“I was 5 years old. My parents were going out, so they left my grandparents to babysit me. One night while they were babysitting me my grandpa collapsed into cardiac arrest. My grandma left to go to the neighbors to get up so I was left all alone watching him in fear. When the paramedics came they put the “cuff” to take blood pressure around my grandpa and he ended up dying”-the fear is clearly a rational one, he relates be alone and those “cuffs” to deathSo why does this make him fear being alone in his apartment?-when he knew his room mates would be away and that he’d be home alone for the night he’d make a reservation and pay to stay at HOJO even though he’d still be in a room alone-said this was ok because he knew the person who worked at the desk would be up all night making sure things were ok-maybe he needs to feel a sense of importance/security?-you could ask him if he possibly had a gf that he could make stay with him? (he didn’t)-you need to figure out how to help him feel safe being aloneCounter conditioning-pair aloneness with something good-how does halgin help him be alone?-he gave Arthur his business card with personal number on the back and said for Arthur to call him if he needed to – but preferably in the morning and not in the middle of the night – wanted to show Arthur he could make it through the night on his own-he did-called Halgin the next morning and said that although he still didn’t sleep at all, he did make it through the night-slowly he got better and better at being alone-halgin actually told Arthur he should expect a relapse like most addicts doGradual exposure-blood pressure cuff-how could halgin remove this fear?-he could bring the cuff into his office because then Arthur might pair the fear of the cuff with the office and then make him too afraid to go to therapy-he didn’t want to bring him to the doctor and pair himself with the fear of the doctor because then he’d be afraid of halgin-“in-vivo” (in real life) exposure – -at the time, Brookstone was selling blood pressure cuffs to halgin to arthurt to take his friends to Brookstone and just fool around with the cuff so that he could pair the cuff with a good experience rather than a bad one and he’d see that it wouldn’t hurt him-then he had a nurse meet them somewhere other than UHS and Halgins office and tookarthurs blood pressure-systematic desensitization-flooding – if you have to face it head-on, you have to overcome it (like if someone is afraid to swim you just toss them in a pool so they have to swim in order to survive ---halgin thinks this is a terrible way to go about it aha)-participant modeling-aversion therapyCognitive Restructuring – views of self, world, and future-learn to think differently about yourself and the worldReaction Severity AssessmentSeverity of Sitution Reaction Level10 109 98 87 76 65 54 43 32 21 1Rate yourself based on these things to show yourself that you shouldn’t react so severely to some minor situations that piss you off.-grade yourself on appropriatenessa. appropriateb. mixedc.