Psych 380 1nd Edition Lecture 2Outline of Current Lecture I. Biopsychosocial modelII. Case Study #1 AndrewIII. Schizophreniaa. Delusionsb. HallucinationsIV. Protective factorsV. A Beautiful MindCurrent LectureI. Case Study #1 Andrew- Important to know for class:o Biopsychosocial modelo Different sources of stress that can contribute to mental disorderso Vulnerabilities Contributors to this:- Biologicalo Genetics Ex. history of diabetes in family, you are more inclined to have diabeteso Everything going on in your body that affects the way you think, behave, etc.o Ex. sleep, injuries, hormonal changes, food you eat, drug use…- Socioculturalo Familyo Governmento Peerso Worko Racismo Socioeconomic status- Psychosocialo Your personality, feelings, emotionso Associated history with how you became who you are today as apersono Loss/deathThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.o Failureo Sibling rivalryo Bullyingo Abuseo Self-talk (negative/positive)o Guildo regret- Case study #1 Andrewo Andrew was Dr. Halgin’s first patiento 20 year old man from New Yorko Andrew had been in the psychiatric ward for six months because of hallucination he had been havingo Definition of delusion; False inceptiono Definition of hallucination; False perceptiono Andrew’s hallucination/delusion: Perceived three Martians to be with him and believed that they were his friends Talked to them Considered them important to him Diagnosed with schizophrenia- Schizophrenia – o Disorder in which people have hallucinations and believe in delusionso Disconnect with realityo Attempted treatment: Antipsychotic medication Phenothiazine- Ex. fluorazineo Major tranquilizero Sedates people who are very agitated Andrew prescribed 400 mg/day Side effects:- “Mummy” effect- Makes your body very stiff- Irregular movements- Similar to people with Parkinson’s - Can also cause tardive dyskinesiao Tardive dyskinesia: Uncontrollable deformity of facial movements No control over face Drooling Irreversible disorder No matter how high a dosage Andrew was prescribed, this did not get rid of the Martians he sawo Andrew’s treatment history: Had been seeing another psychologist previously- His previous doctor tried to disprove his Martianso First meeting with doctor Halgin: Andrew requests 4 chairs at their session so that his Martian friends can sit as well- Dr. Halgin says that Andrew can bring in chairs if he wants, but will not bring the chairs in for him.- Dr. Halgin does this so as to not encourage Andrew’s behavior but obliges to Andrew bringing in chairs so that Andrew will still talk truthfully to him Andrew asks, “Can you see the Martians?” Dr. Halgin, “I respect that you believe in them, how did you get to this point in your life?”- What happened leading up to Andrew seeing Martianso A year ago he was accepted to an elite school, was on the baseball team, and had a girlfriendo As soon as he gets to schools things start to go wrongo The baseball team cuts himo His girlfriend dumps himo Andrew starts doing hard core drugs – LSD, hallucinogens, etc.o He gives up on school by October and fails all of his classeso When he is home one weekend, his parents come home to find him on the floor of their garage convulsing. They call 911 and he gets sent to the hospital He had inhaled a bottle of Raid insecticide When asked why he had done that he said that he had bugs in his body and that he needed to eradicate themo Andrew stopped eating o Andrew’s family was very well off and had high expectations for Andrew His family saw him as a disgrace they didn’t want him to go to therapy because it would embarrass them they told him to keep his problems to himselfo he was sent back to the hospital after doing very high levels of LSD it was at this point when he was in the hospital that he starts seeing the Martians- biopsychosocial modelo biological genetics – grandfather with schizophrenia LSD can change brain composition Malnourished Raid poisono Psychosocial Depression- Dumped by girlfriend- Cut by baseball team- Family embarrassed by himo Sociocultural Family is upset with him Had a change of environment when he went to a new school, made new friends who did drugs Had to keep it all in – ethnic standards to not disclose “private” information- All of this stress Andrew was feeling played a big role in his psychosisAt this point in the lecture we watched a 10 minute excerpt from the movie “A beautiful mind” with Russell CroweThe movie is about a genius (John Nash – won the Nobel Prize) who develops schizophrenia and has multiple hallucinations. He imagines three different hallucinations – a young girl, an FBI agent, and a young man who he considers one of his best friends. These hallucinations show up when he is most stressed. One question that Dr. Halgin asks is what role do these hallucinations play in John’s life?- Back to Andrew…o The Martians provided Andrew with comfort and friends when he felt like he had noneo They give him someone to trust/confide in- Emotional connectednesso The brain wants tranquility. When it is in chaos, it will do what it can to return to tranquility. - Protective factorso Even when someone is exposed to a particular disorder there can be certain things that protect them from getting it.o For example: Twins have exactly the same genetic make up If one twin gets schizophrenia there is only a concordance rate of 48% (not 100%) despite their genetic make up It is likely that one receives protective factors through their personal life experiences- Andrew:o Took him off medicationo Dr. Halgin told him that you can keep your hallucinations privateo You have to learn to accept that they are there and that only you see themo He was discharged to a halfway houseo Works as a night watchman at a bank (great job for him where his Martians can be there)o He is getting married and very well-off now- Definitions to know:o Diathesis: Stress Protective factors Biopsychosocial
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