Psych 380 1nd Edition Lecture 2 Outline of Current Lecture I Biopsychosocial model II Case Study 1 Andrew III Schizophrenia a Delusions b Hallucinations IV Protective factors V A Beautiful Mind Current Lecture I Case Study 1 Andrew Important to know for class o Biopsychosocial model o Different sources of stress that can contribute to mental disorders o Vulnerabilities Contributors to this Biological o Genetics Ex history of diabetes in family you are more inclined to have diabetes o Everything going on in your body that affects the way you think behave etc o Ex sleep injuries hormonal changes food you eat drug use Sociocultural o Family o Government o Peers o Work o Racism o Socioeconomic status Psychosocial o Your personality feelings emotions o Associated history with how you became who you are today as a person o Loss death These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute o o o o o o o Failure Sibling rivalry Bullying Abuse Self talk negative positive Guild regret Case study 1 Andrew o Andrew was Dr Halgin s first patient o 20 year old man from New York o Andrew had been in the psychiatric ward for six months because of hallucination he had been having o Definition of delusion False inception o Definition of hallucination False perception o Andrew s hallucination delusion Perceived three Martians to be with him and believed that they were his friends Talked to them Considered them important to him Diagnosed with schizophrenia Schizophrenia o Disorder in which people have hallucinations and believe in delusions o Disconnect with reality o Attempted treatment Antipsychotic medication Phenothiazine Ex fluorazine o Major tranquilizer o Sedates people who are very agitated Andrew prescribed 400 mg day Side effects Mummy effect Makes your body very stiff Irregular movements Similar to people with Parkinson s Can also cause tardive dyskinesia o Tardive dyskinesia Uncontrollable deformity of facial movements No control over face Drooling Irreversible disorder No matter how high a dosage Andrew was prescribed this did not get rid of the Martians he saw o Andrew s treatment history Had been seeing another psychologist previously His previous doctor tried to disprove his Martians o First meeting with doctor Halgin Andrew requests 4 chairs at their session so that his Martian friends can sit as well Dr Halgin says that Andrew can bring in chairs if he wants but will not bring the chairs in for him Dr Halgin does this so as to not encourage Andrew s behavior but obliges to Andrew bringing in chairs so that Andrew will still talk truthfully to him Andrew asks Can you see the Martians Dr Halgin I respect that you believe in them how did you get to this point in your life What happened leading up to Andrew seeing Martians o A year ago he was accepted to an elite school was on the baseball team and had a girlfriend o As soon as he gets to schools things start to go wrong o The baseball team cuts him o His girlfriend dumps him o Andrew starts doing hard core drugs LSD hallucinogens etc o He gives up on school by October and fails all of his classes o When he is home one weekend his parents come home to find him on the floor of their garage convulsing They call 911 and he gets sent to the hospital He had inhaled a bottle of Raid insecticide When asked why he had done that he said that he had bugs in his body and that he needed to eradicate them o Andrew stopped eating o Andrew s family was very well off and had high expectations for Andrew His family saw him as a disgrace they didn t want him to go to therapy because it would embarrass them they told him to keep his problems to himself o he was sent back to the hospital after doing very high levels of LSD it was at this point when he was in the hospital that he starts seeing the Martians biopsychosocial model o biological genetics grandfather with schizophrenia LSD can change brain composition Malnourished Raid poison o Psychosocial Depression Dumped by girlfriend Cut by baseball team Family embarrassed by him o Sociocultural Family is upset with him Had a change of environment when he went to a new school made new friends who did drugs Had to keep it all in ethnic standards to not disclose private information All of this stress Andrew was feeling played a big role in his psychosis At this point in the lecture we watched a 10 minute excerpt from the movie A beautiful mind with Russell Crowe The movie is about a genius John Nash won the Nobel Prize who develops schizophrenia and has multiple hallucinations He imagines three different hallucinations a young girl an FBI agent and a young man who he considers one of his best friends These hallucinations show up when he is most stressed One question that Dr Halgin asks is what role do these hallucinations play in John s life Back to Andrew o The Martians provided Andrew with comfort and friends when he felt like he had none o They give him someone to trust confide in Emotional connectedness o The brain wants tranquility When it is in chaos it will do what it can to return to tranquility Protective factors o Even when someone is exposed to a particular disorder there can be certain things that protect them from getting it o For example Twins have exactly the same genetic make up If one twin gets schizophrenia there is only a concordance rate of 48 not 100 despite their genetic make up It is likely that one receives protective factors through their personal life experiences Andrew o Took him off medication o Dr Halgin told him that you can keep your hallucinations private o You have to learn to accept that they are there and that only you see them o He was discharged to a halfway house o Works as a night watchman at a bank great job for him where his Martians can be there o He is getting married and very well off now Definitions to know o Diathesis Stress Protective factors Biopsychosocial model