Current LectureI. Review:What is Communication Influenced by?Socialization of the individualPast ExperiencesCultural values and Beliefs WorldviewIdentitySelf-awarenessJohari Window OpenWhat are you willing to be open about in your everyday communication?This is highly dependent upon the culture you grew up inBlind SpotsOften think of privilege Meaning, there are things in your bind spot because you don’t really have to think about them. Could also be about genderA man doesn’t have to worry about the same things a woman has to in regards to safetyHiddenAlso related to culture. Subconscious awareness Symbols in our dreamsProbably also dependent on our culture II. 5 main ways of Sending and Receiving Messages VerbalSpeaking, using words and languageParalinguisticTonePitchHow loud you’re speakingCadence NonverbalFacial expressionsBody positioningComplex actionsFor ex. Handshake and putting your hand on top of the other personMore involved than just a gestureMovementsHow are you moving?Rigid lines?Free flowing?Quick movements? III. Implicit Personality Theory StereotypesSelective attentionConfirmation BiasSelf heuristicsPrimacy Effects We tend to remember the first thing that we were impressed upon when interviewing something. IV. Nonverbal Communication: What can we learn?Meta-communicationWords are one thing, but our nonverbal is saying something else. Expression of Affect FeelingsInterpretation of AttitudesWhen looking at attitudes, we attend highly to nonverbalImputation of TraitsInfer something about personality traits based on nonverbalCongruence/incongruence w/ ContentHow close is the person’s nonverbal matching w/ what they’re sayingMatch = honestNon-match = dishonestHow important are they?93% of communication is nonverbal. Study: Audience rated what was most important to them in regards to the person’s attitude being interviewed 7% words38% tone, voice55% body languageProblem: When the content is about feelings, attitudes, and behaviors nonverbals are important. When the content is informational, nonverbals aren’t as important V. 5 main things we look for in dishonesty Time lagLack of eye contact Quick shifts in posturetip you off that someone is uncomfortableUnfilled pausesLess smiling in general Body Postures and Gestures When you’re in an interview, your body posture is very important. VI. First step is self-awareness DiscomfortLeg JiggleComplete body shifts closing of arms or legs Hand and Arm Movements Random = confusionStraight lines = attempt to controlSmooth flowing gestures = openness VII. IGU and reading nonverbals UniversalCongruenceIn no matter what culture, if someone’s nonverbals are not agreeing w/ what they’re saying they probably are being dishonestPhysiological signsTypically universal across all cultures Sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems Contact (?)“I vow” RelationshipUniversal way of reading nonverbalsCouns Psych 650 Lecture 3 Outline of Last LectureI. Values & Worldviewa. DimensionsII. Meta-communication (n.)a. Definitionb. Difference between communication & meta-communicationIII. Self-awareness in communicationa. What is the self?IV. Defining termsa. Self-conceptb. Self-esteemc. Self-efficacyV. Johari Windowa. Expanding the open quadrantb. Shrinking blind quadrantVI. Perceptual Biasesa. TypesVII. Person Perceptionsa. Based on othersb. Based on ourVIII. Levels of self-awarenessIX. Take home points Outline of Current Lecture I. ReviewII. 5 main ways of sending & receiving messagesa. Verbalb. Paralinguisticc. Nonverbald. Complex actionsThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.e. Movements III. Implicit Personality TheoryIV. Nonverbal CommunicationV. 5 things to look for in dishonestya. Time lagb. Lack of eye contactc. Quick shifts in postured. Unfilled pausese. Body postures and gesturesVI. Self-awarenessVII. IGU and reading nonverbalsCurrent LectureI. Review:- What is Communication Influenced by?- Socialization of the individual- Past Experiences- Cultural values and Beliefs - Worldview- Identity- Self-awareness- Johari Window - Openo What are you willing to be open about in your everyday communication?o This is highly dependent upon the culture you grew up in- Blind Spotso Often think of privilege o Meaning, there are things in your bind spot because you don’t really have to think about them. o Could also be about gendero A man doesn’t have to worry about the same things a woman has to in regards to safety- Hiddeno Also related to culture. o Subconscious awareness o Symbols in our dreamso Probably also dependent on our culture II. 5 main ways of Sending and Receiving Messages - Verbalo Speaking, using words and language- Paralinguistico Toneo Pitcho How loud you’re speakingo Cadence - Nonverbalo Facial expressionso Body positioning- Complex actionso For ex. Handshake and putting your hand on top of the other persono More involved than just a gesture- Movementso How are you moving?o Rigid lines?o Free flowing?o Quick movements? III. Implicit Personality Theory - Stereotypes- Selective attention- Confirmation Bias- Self heuristics- Primacy Effects - We tend to remember the first thing that we were impressed upon when interviewing something. IV. Nonverbal Communication: - What can we learn?- Meta-communication- Words are one thing, but our nonverbal is saying something else.- Expression of Affect - Feelings- Interpretation of Attitudeso When looking at attitudes, we attend highly to nonverbalo Imputation of Traitso Infer something about personality traits based on nonverbal- Congruence/incongruence w/ Contento How close is the person’s nonverbal matching w/ what they’re sayingo Match = honesto Non-match = dishonesto How important are they?o 93% of communication is nonverbal. o Study: Audience rated what was most important to them in regards to the person’s attitude being interviewed  7% words 38% tone, voice 55% body language Problem: When the content is about feelings, attitudes, and behaviorsnonverbals are important. When the content is informational, nonverbals aren’t as important V. 5 main things we look for in dishonesty - Time lag- Lack of eye contact- Quick shifts in postureo tip you off that someone is uncomfortable- Unfilled pauseso Less smiling in general - Body