BIOM 121 1nd Edition Exam 3 Study Guide Lectures 25 34 Lectures 25 26 28 29 31 March 31 April 14 2014 Know understand and be able to understand all the isms o o o o o o o o o Modernism the testing and breaking of boundaries Responding to modernity Working in extremes Technical aggressiveness Serialism music composed in 12 tone rows Designed to be far removed from any sense of emotion in the music Realism the setting of music in real life scenarios and situations Expressionism Showing the dark things that are under the surface an individual s distorted perception of reality expressed through real life images Symbolism flashes of images or ideas that communicate an overall idea of a concept without presenting a linear or clear cut reality A focus on dreams and the imagination Impressionism an impression of something that is commonly understood to make sense in the real world Ultra modernism super modern music that sometimes can only be played electronically because it is so difficult and sometimes impossible to play Cubism hard lines and the juxtaposition of multiple different styles ideas in clearly defined sections Formalism Soviet anti modernism Against anything that breaks tradition or involves the testing of boundaries Lecture 27 April 2 2014 Identify the Four Musical Traditions that inform Ives compositions 1 Protestant Hymnody the use of Protestant hymns in Ives works These hymns were commonly known in America and used often in church 2 American Popular Music 3 Western Art Music Ives studies this under the instruction of Horatio Parker This became the art form he used most in all his compositions 4 Experimental Music stretching the ears with all sorts of new harmonies and experimentations just to see what happens Presenting new material as a joke to audiences so they would receive and listen to it in an unjudgemental manner Describe the Role Irony Plays in Ives Compositional Style Tonality Ives sees that the language of Western Music must involve some atonality He does this by re hearing the language of traditional harmonies from the past Not completely atonal because Ives does see traditional harmonies that stem from traditional European art forms Ives simply re hears them in a way that is Western reflective of American traditions and new without being completely atonal and unfamiliar Lecture 30 April 11 2014 Understand Jazz Music and its form Jazz begins to be recorded around the 1920s It was influenced in part by Music of the Western Art Tradition Aspects of African American Music o Orality o Performer centered o Call and response textures o Short figures repeated and varied with embellishments o Syncopation and swing o Bent pitches Blue notes Sliding between major and minor thirds or other characteristically jazzy pitches harmonies Friction between multiple rhythmic layers Also understand Blues music and its form Uses AABA song form The head is the main melody for the tune o This is all that will be seen on a piece of music o Lots of improvisation after the head has been completed Notation on sheet music is completely insufficient to communicate how complexities can only be understood by actually hearing the music Score analysis essentially does nothing to communicate the music to the audience Characterized by a rocking accompaniment and a swung bass Lecture 32 April 16 2014 Be able to understand define and describe American music in great detail American composers wanted to compose in a style completely American yet they struggled to define what this uniquely American music was made up of America s very existence is one of a melting pot of cultures and people from different lands Therefore composers strove to express ideas of nationalism in their music however because America was created and influenced by many other different lands see Lecture 32 notes Lectures 33 and 34 April 18 20 2014 Be familiar with the music and composition styles of John Cage and Milton Babbitt as well as other ultra modernist composers of this time period John Cage 1912 1992 was a true experimental composer however he was even more of an inventor A student of Arnold Schoenberg Cage was especially interested in rhythm and duration and not as interested in pitches or harmony His music is not only about the sounds but about the silence in between the sounds too Milton Babbitt 1916 2011 was a American Composer music theorist and composer known for his serial and electronic music Composers like Milton Babbitt experienced the terror and nightmare of World War II They emerged from a generation trying to recover from the rubble of WWII and wished to create a type of music that had no connection and bared no recollection to any music of the past They wished to create a hyper serialist type of music with the idea of returning to Year 0 so that it could be free from totalitatianism and totalitarianist rule Milton Babbitt aimed for total efficiency in the five basic dimensions of music Pitch class Register Dynamics Duration Timbre