MUS M 402 1st Edition Lecture 28 Outline of Last Lecture I II Identify the Four Musical Traditions that inform Ives compositions Describe the Role Irony Plays in Ives Compositional Style Outline of Current Lecture I II German Ideology in the 19th century Russian Ideology in the 19th century Current Lecture I II German Ideology in the 19th century a Anti Romantic reaction came from many quarters In the Germany of the Weimar Republic post war idealism combined with adverse economic conditions to produce the widespread conviction that artist must give up the ivory tower and contribute actively to the reconstruction of European society b Crippled Germany after World War I because of the Versailles Treaty lead to Hitler s rise and the development of the Nazi party They began to put rules on what was allowed in music composition i Music has to be political ii Music must express the ideals of the Nazi state 1 Nazi Germany represents a total ideology political ideas that must consumer any and all areas of life This was done to ensure that people thought about Hitler and the Nazi party literally at all times iii Music must not be performed or composed by any Jewish people Russian Ideology in the 19th century a Music expresses social conflict i Musical culture of the past is no good New music is needed to express the new class less Worker s Paradise and beliefs of the Soviet Union 1 Religious music or anything with mythology was not allowed 2 Complex music designed to express emotion or music with its own inner meaning also was forbidden i e Brahms Schoenberg a Any music that may isolate the workers was highly discouraged b Formalism the word used by the Russian committee of sensors to label art music that was not permitted by the Soviet system and the Soviet Party was an enemy b History is a nightmare from which I am trying to awaken i All Europe was in complete turmoil and distress from World War Ihundreds of lives had been lost for no real reason ii The Soviet Union offered relief through pushes of industry and hope that the nightmare would end c Composer Dmitri Schostakovich is famous for his subtle defiance of the Soviet Union through his compositions i Schostakovich s Symphony No 5 appears to be submitting to Soviet authority however it actually tells the true story of Soviet Russia through Schostakovich s use of music irony and quotations marks the incorporation of traditional simple Russian melodies in his works
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