Self Awareness To understant that you exist as a separate entity from the rest of the world Developed at age 2 How has self awareness been tested Mirror test mark test self recognition Theory of Mind Everyone has knowledge of their own In order to obtain a theory of mind must have self awareness Developed fully by 4 Why is it a theory Because thoughts are hidden How was the theory of mind tested Box experiment knowing what others will think and why Basic Emotions Universally recognized subconscious 6 basic emotions happy sad fear surprised discust anger 7th basic emotion according to Ekman Contempt Moral Emotions These are the emotions that a human can only feel if it has a highly developed sense of self reflection There are 4 guilt shame embarrassment and pride Why are moral emotions good for a group All our emotions work with amazing coordination One emotion can trigger another to keep us in balance with the group Why must we have a theory of mind in order to have moral emotions You have to be able to understand that others can form their own opinions of yours and you have to be able to imagine how others would perceive your actions What theory best explains why all humans experience the same basic emotions Sociobiological Theory Two Factor Theory of Emotion Emotions are produced and experienced first by a generic change in arousal then emotion is labelled cognitively based on context Schacter and Singer Suggests that different emotions can come from the same arousal What part of the NS has been activated in the first stage of Schachter and Singer s model of emotions Sympathetic Nervous System Singer and Schacter s study on the 2 factor theory injection Dutton and Aron s bridge study Dutton and Aron s shock study Injected participants with epinephrine either told them nothing the truth or bogus side effects Confederate was placed into the room with them while they filled out a survey either angered or playing with things in the room Participants were most likely to experience similar emotion to the confederate when they were misinformed about the side effects of the injection because they attributed their arousal to the confederate while those with explinations attributed to the injection Straight male participants were asked to cross a high shaky bridge After done either approached by a guy researcher or an attractive woman Both researchers offered their numbers to the participant if they had questions Men approached by the attractive women called much more they misattributed their arousal to her Told male participants that they would receive either a mild or severe shock Those told that they would receive a severe shock would be pretty aroused while those told that they d receive a mild shock would be less so After being told about the shock the participants interacted with an attractive female confederate and were then asked questions about how much they d like to go out with her or kiss her Participants who d been told that they d receive a severe shock wanted to go out with and kiss her significantly more than participants who had been told that they d receive a mild shock Misattribution mistakening one emotion for another Stress experience of response our sympathetic nervous system has to potential threats by preparing out body to attack or retreat What happens when your body encounters a threat Hypothalamus sets off an alarm in body through a combo of nerve and hormonal signals this system prompts your adrenal glands to release a surge of hormones adrenaline and cortisol Adrenaline increases heart rate elevates blood pressure boosts energy supplies Cortisol primary stress hormone increases glucose in bloodstream enhances brain usage of glucose increases availability of substances that repair tissue curbs nonessential functions in fight or flight response alters immune system supresses digestive system reproductive system and growth process Communicates with regions of the brain that control mood motivation and fear Long term activation of stress response system causes what Anxiety depression digestive problems heart disease sleep problems weight gain memory and concentration impairment Ways in which we negatively respond to stress Pain overeating undereating anger crying depression negativity smoking What are some ways in which we can improve stress management scale back on obligations prepare reach out take up a hobby relax sleep get professional help if necessary Why do we need sleep To replenish our resources Circadian Rhythem Pattern of sleep and wakefulness mainly influenced by exposure to light Master Clock Found in the hypothalamus produces melantonin which makes you drowsy 5 stages of sleep drowsiness light sleep light delta deep delta REM Drowsiness First stage eyes close on set of sleep 5 10 mins for a good sleeper Light sleep second stage muscles tense and relax prep for deep sleep begins cycle Delta and deep delta sleep body goes into deep rhythm This is third and fourth combined but fourth being deep delta is more intense REM sleep final stage when we dream stands for rapid eye movement our eyes twitch heart rate increases erotic breathing muscles tense and contract Alcohol and sleep helps you fall asleep but if you drink 2 3 hours before sleep causes fragmentation in REM may wake up a lot at night Sleep paralysis waking up into your dreams causing hillusinations Cannot move a muscle huge struggle Varies by culture blamed on evil spirits but caused by an abnormal overlap between REM and waking stage Brain is awake during sleep 50 of the populatio experiences this at least once REM atonia special neurotransmitters that are released during dream that cause your muscles to become paralyzed This causes you to panick because you have no control over your movements or lungs Insomnia Presistent disorder making it hard to fall asleep hard to stay asleep or both Awaken feeling unrefreshed takes toll on bodily functions throughout the day Saps mood energy health work performance and quality of life Long term chronic insomnia Insomnia is either primary of secondary cause disease or merds could be primary Symptons of insomnia difficulty falling asleep awakening during night awakening too early not feeling well rested daytime tiredness deperession anxiety difficulty paying attention lack of focus bad memory more inclined to make errors and accidents headaches stomach and intenstine problems worries about sleep Causes of insomnia stress anxiety depression medical
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