GEB Test 2 Chapter 1 A Intercultural Routine and Request Messages b Watch cultural messages Indirect approach o Main point is NOT in the beginning o Deliberate use of ambiguity o Digressions o Courtesy and graciousness in writing o Meaning is in the context Direct low context A Considerations for Nonverbal Communication in Intercultural Negotiations Various nonverbal meanings b Paralanguage Vocal qualifiers pitch volume and velocity Example higher pitch at the end of a sentence in US means self doubt but in France that is just a normal thing to do Vocalizations nonword vocalizers and fillers c Eye Contact d Gestures US means honesty Japan invasion of privacy Middle East very expressive US speakers are not as expressive Japan hardly at all e Easily Overlooked Nonverbal Concerns Chronemics a culture s attitudes and perceptions of time o Monochromic have a time frame US o Polychromic time is elastic and open ended South and Central America Mediterranean and Middle East o Germans and Swiss are strict about punctuality o South and Central Americans don t worry about being late Oculesics oculemics eye contact or gaze o Arab businessmen stare at men and avoid eye contact with women Haptics touching behaviors o no touching cultures US Japan Canada England Sweden and Finland o Italy Greece Spain Portugal and Latin America consider hugs and hand holding to be appropriate Olfactics the smell component of nonverbal communication o Body odor is viewed negatively in the US but is accepted in the Middle East o Adapt to a country s hygiene norms for smooth negotiations Posture and stance o US relaxed and casual o Middle East sole of shoe doesn t leave the ground no sitting with one leg over the other Chromatics The importance of color to a culture o Black means sadness in the US o White reflects sadness in Japan o Colors can have different connotations watch PowerPoint colors Handshakes o US firm handshakes o France soft handshake o Germany firm handshake with a bow of the head o Japan handshake with a bow o Middle East handshake with the free hand placed on the forearm of the other person Personal Space in order from smallest to most Latin Americans Arabs The French US German Japanese Chapter 6 Visual Aids A Be Well Prepared B Specifics on PowerPoint slides Needs to be a balance of white space and other visuals Create your own and use something simple Don t use PowerPoint s templates Orphan Problem When your sentence is too long and you have a line break Poor Phrase Break taking a phrase and moving it to the next line Best line break the amount of words on both lines should be equal on both lines C Visible to all Make sure the visual is actually visible Use illustrative movement to appropriately point to the visual Talk towards the audience not the screen D Use your time effectively Presentations in other cultures Audiences from Asia do not use a lot of nonverbals o Japanese audience members close their eyes to concentrate o Thailand is the exception more responsive than most Clothing gender roles should be appropriate to the cultural norms Logos should not be offensive in any way A Series of images North America left to right Middle East right to left B Watch human figures C Animal clipart Dog helpful faithful in US Unclean in the Middle East ferocious in China Dragon evil in the US but lucky in China D Color on line charts US decrease in values in usually red green in for gains China it is the opposite Means several phrases in a series of two or more should all begin the same way o He learned to pass the ball playing good defense and marking risky players WRONG o He learned to pass the ball to play good defense and to mark risky players RIGHT The infinitive to pass breaks the parallel structure B Homonym and Word Twin Errors textbook pg 164 166 Examples C Pronouns need to agree with their antecedents Try not to use indefinite they or you Singular pronouns one everyone no one anyone someone anybody everybody nobody either each neither Correct example Everyone has his or her dreams Dateline and closing are tabbed to the middle of the page Chapter 7 A Parallel Structure There their they re To too two Then than Appendix D A Block Letter Format 1 Modified Block pg 231 2 Simplified Block pg 232 No greeting US Writing Basics Slides A You Attitude 1 Establish a good relationship with your audience by adopting the you attitude Substitute you and yours for I me mine us and our Don t use too many pronouns Avoid using you in a blaming context B Positive Emphasis 1 Establish a good relationship with your audience by emphasizing the positive Call attention to the bright side of things Focus on opportunities not on mistakes or problems Focus on how the audience will benefit Use euphemisms strategically and sparingly C Demonstrate Credibility 1 Establish a good relationship with your audience by demonstrating credibility Emphasize commonalties Don t boast Mention credible references Support ideas with facts Avoid exaggeration and insincerity Be yourself D Be polite and unbiased Btw Material from test one like comma splice is fair game Also he said to re read Chapter 4 and 8 material
View Full Document
Unlocking...