PSYC100 EXAM STUDY GUIDE 30 m c 10 short response last 3 chapters previous chapters Dr Curtis said to focus on chpt 2 but still study everything http quizlet com 17667349 psych 100 final umd flash cards http quizlet com 17667349 psych 100 final umd flash cards General Questions Answers whats the difference between conversion disorder and somatic symptom disorder How is the sherif autokinetic study an informational influence it sounds more like the line one where someone is comparing the line It is informative because whether or not the light is moving is ambiguous is actually unsure and looking for his or her peers to provide the best insight of what is occurring Versus in the line one the participant knows the answer is incorrect but doesn t want to disagree with the group Hope that helps The light is not moving it is the autokinetic effect the perception optical illusion of movement comes from the microsaccades of eye movement fixed on a light source in a room without visual reference The participant s brain assesses an arbitrary length based on perception inside the head e g 2 in However in Sherif s 1936 study after each individual reads aloud his her length estimate in the group with repeated informational influence from others and without discussion or prompting the individuals will converge to a group based informational estimate That is 1 different from the original individual estimate 2 maybe high low or medium depending on the different participants in the group and 3 closer to the collective estimates of the other group members When they are asked to give a second estimate in repeated trials as individuals they will repeat the group estimate i e they truly think internalize that the group estimate is the closer answer this is how we know it is not normative influence Compare the 2 Stage Model of emotions with Self Perception theory How are these two concepts related How are they different 1 the two stage model is basically we feel an arousal and then interpret it The self perception theory is basically we think back cognition to how we feel about a certain thing arousal So they re like reversed I guess yes this explanation is perfect and simple Also I think that the key to the 2 Stage Model is that we re interpreting involuntary feelings The Self Perception theory has more to do with conscious actions What is confirmation bias Explain this concept using the sociobiological theory think evolution heuristics stuff since we don t want to sit around thinking about the best cereal to buy Instead we go to the store and know which one we want based off of previous decisions we choose things based off of previous decisions part of a Explain the concepts of a secure base and safe haven and elaborate on how those play in to someone being labeled as securely attached safe haven when a child is scared they run to their mother there they feel safe and secure and are no longer afraid she is their safe haven secure base this is related to safe haven basically after a child has initially calmed down and is no longer afraid they begin to explore their surroundings knowing that their mother is there for them as their secure base some one who is securely attached will be upset when the mother is gone but when she returns will run to her and find comfort in her arms safe haven and then proceed to explore their surroundings unafraid knowing she is still there secure base An insecurely attached child may not respond to the mother returning at all showing they cannot trust her The other option is that the child will run to the mother and find comfort safe haven but will not let go because they are afraid she will leave again and never get to the secure base stage Whats the difference between internal attribution and fundamental attribution error Fundamental attribution focuses on two subjects you are comparing yourself with others internal external We tend to make internal attributions for other people s behavior Internal is only about one subject no comparison CHAPTER 9 SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY Name and distinguish between three different types of social influence conformity compliance and internalization and provide a clear example of each Conformity Adjusting your behavior based on what s considered normal in order to fit in or avoid potential ridicule Ex You want to wear a scary costume for Halloween but all your friends are wearing sexy costumes so you wear a sexy costume too 2 Compliance Internalization Adjusting your behavior because you ve been asked to do something and have agreed to do it Compliance is often greater when requested by authority figures Ex Milgram s Obedience Study Adjusting your behavior based on information that you believe helps you make a correct decision Ex If 98 of UMD students prefer Beats headphones you might buy Beats by dre because you ve been convinced by your peers that they are better than other headphones Could relate these to the sociocultural theory Chapter 1 Differentiate between normative and informational influences and provide research examples that apply to just one and to both categories of influence In your answer you should be able to clearly describe Asch s Line Study including effects of group size and nonconformists Sherif s Autokinetic Effect Study and Smoke Filled Room Study Normative Influence Normative influence is when people conform to the actions of others so as not to seem weird or different With normative influence people do not agree with the other perspective but simply change to fit in with the group Relates to the sociocultural theoretical perspective If people conform to an obviously wrong answer and if they do so only to fit in with the group it s a normative influence Ex Asch s Line Study Solomon Asch showed a group of people a line on a card and asked them to find a matching line from a group of three lines on another card one of which was pretty obviously the right choice The catch was that all except one person in the group were confederates 6 and chose the wrong line When it came to the participants turn 75 of them followed suit The presence of just one supporter reduced this to 18 In total about one third of the subjects who were placed in this situation went along with the clearly erroneous majority He found that the subjects conformed to a group of 3 or 4 as readily as they did to a larger group Informational Influence Informational influence is when people change their actions or behavior because they believe the rest of
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