L R ESOURCES FAMILY 1 Structure Comp Organ 2 Tasks I B M EC Adp MS MG FAMILY THEORIES External Control Developmental Structural Functionalism Conflict Power of the People determine own behavior free will Social Exchange Family Systems Symbolic Interactionism Adaptive self regulation Inputs enter system pets money for resource management traumatic stress step parent baby change in family membership nurture time energy Outputs love security bonding support learning abuse resentment Feedback any deviation triggers warning signals in family Homeostasis Mechanism quest for balance Feedback Loop When the feedback in a family system signals the occurrence of change the family can respond in ways that suppress or facilitate continued change Deviation amplifying or dampening F L maintains or increases the change responses are perceived as desirable FAMILY IDENTITY 1 Constructing family themes 2 Socializing family members with respect to biological and social issues 3 Establishing a satisfactory congruence of images within the family personal identities roles FAMILY THEMES Organizing principles provide a framework for meaning shape identity define roles resource management goal priorities emotional climate FOA S INTERPERSONA 1 Allocation 2 Exchange Symbolic Partic Psychological resources status information love Concrete Univer Economic resources services goods money Time Relationship Optimum group size Delay of reward Giving and receiving Complexity ROLE OF RESOURCES related to family s success the extent to which the outputs in a family result in the attainment of family and individual tasks or goals DIFFERENTIATION the ability of family members to express their own individuality and act autonomously while remaining emotionally connected to others the manner in which the fam s boundaries EC and identity tasks are managed Family Ledger generational account system of psychological debts owed How do rules emerge I D N T What is the purpose of rules M S B P FAMILY FUNCTION BALANCE Stability vs Change Adaptability Separateness vs Togetherness Cohesion Adaptation how the family reorganizes its structure in response to internal demands and external social or environmental events How Families Use Rituals and Routines C A H D R F C COMMUNICATION 1 Cooperative A R BT 2 Competitive Creating or Maintaining Distance Demanding Change Specifying Ownership Punishment Seeking Validation Declaring Martyrdom Self Disclosure Rule of Reciprocity CONNECTION VS CONTROL IN FAMILY COMMUNICATION HIERARCHY EQUALITY VS CLOSENESS DISTANCE CONFLICT Tension between family members that result from competing goals or strategies Signals a need for readjustment of the patterns of interaction complicated homeostasis scarcity of resources power struggle DESCRIBE EXPRESS SPECIFY CONSEQUENCES STRUCTURAL MODEL Subsystems Hierarchy Parentification Boundaries Disengaged Enmeshed Alliance BOWNEN INTERGENERATIONAL Generational Alliances Coalition Cross Gen Adaptation Context Transmission Focuses on how family of origin experiences establish a legacy that impacts 1 The development of individual family members 2 The patterns of adjustment found in subsequent generations of the family Differentiation Fusion Triangles Nuclear Fam Emotional System Family Projection Emot Cutoff Sibling Position Societal Regression CULTURAL IDENTITY It is critical to pay attention to the ways in which culture race ethnicity class SES and acculturation affect the strategies that families employ in their efforts to execute the tasks of family life All families evolve themes which may reflect the ethnic and cultural heritage of the family Such ethnic traditions and cultural themes provide the family with a framework of meaning and orientation that may influence the priorities of goals of the family the values and attitudes of family members and the strategic manner in which issues such as power decision making intimacy and child rearing are managed Conservatism Seeks to protect ideas and practices people think are valuable Liberalism liberate from practices that are oppressive and undesirable Emphasizes the uniqueness of each family system and the need to assess each family s Culture Specific Perspective Emphasis on specific attitudes beliefs feelings and behaviors that characterize members of a particular ethnic or racial group Strengths Provides valuable information about differences between ethnic groups allows for comparison develops sensitivity to these cultural differences Weaknesses Ignores variations that exist even among families of a particular ethnic group assumes homogeneity among all members of an ethnic group Multidimensional Perspective Examines cultural diversity beyond racial and ethnic parameters takes into account many sub cultural influences and varieties of contexts that shape peoples lives religion sexual orientation SES gender life stage setting language nationality education occupation politics stage of acculturation Strengths ecological fit within its own broader context Weaknesses This definition of cultural diversity makes generalization from the individual family to other similar families more difficult RELATIONSHIP QUALITY Satisfaction Happiness Adjustment Stability ROM MAINTENANCE STRATEGIES Positivity Openness Assurances Social Networks Sharing Tasks Talk Mediated Communication Joint Activities STEPFAMILY SUCCESS Realistic expectations Recognize the value of relationship building Establish new rituals and routines Allow for losses to be mourned Sensitivity to children s emotions Strong couple relationship Satisfactory step relationships have formed Separate households cooperate TRANSITION TO PARENTHOOD FACTORS 1 Desire to be a parent 2 Anticipate socialization or training 3 Clarity of role demands 4 Support available while making this transition Determinants of Parenting Style Parent s personal psychological resources Unique characteristics of the child Contextual sources of stress and support 7 MARRIAGE PRINCIPLES Enhance Love Maps Nurture Fondness and Affection Turn Toward each other Let Partner Influence Solve Solvable Problems Overcome Gridlock Create Shared Meaning INDIVIDUATION ADOLESCENCE A universal lifelong developmental process through which a person comes to see the self as separate and distinct within the relational familial social cultural context individual builds a background of knowledge about the self in relation to others maintain a coherent sense of self that is separate and distinct from others maintain a