KIN 2500 Appendicular Skeleton Supplemental Instruction Ch 8 most questions missed on exam The Pectoral Girdle Connects the upper limbs to the axial skeleton Clavicle collarbone Clavicle Sternum sternoclavicular 1 Location 2 Is the flat end medial or lateral Lateral above first rib extends from the sternum to the scapula a Articulates with the acromion of the scapula b Aka Acromion end 3 Is the round end medial or lateral Medial a Articulates with the manubrium of the sternum b Aka Sternal end Scapula shoulder blade 1 The spine a Anterior or posterior Posterior b What is the acromion Lateral projection that is continuous with the spine 2 Where is the medial vertebral border located Closest to the vertebral column 3 Where is the lateral axillary border located Closest to the arm a The two borders join at the inferior angle 4 What is the angle called that joins the superior and medial border Superior angle 5 What is the function of the coracoid process Muscle attachment Humerus 1 Head 2 Anatomical Neck a Proximal b Articulates with the glenoid cavity a Distal to the head b Oblique groove c Where the growth plate used to be 3 Greater Tubercle 4 Lesser Tubercle 5 Surgical Neck a A lateral projection distal to the anatomical neck a Projects anteriorly b The intertubercular sulcus runs between here and the greater tubercle a Constriction in the humerus just distal to the tubercles b Common fracture site KIN 2500 Appendicular Skeleton Supplemental Instruction 6 Deltoid Tuberosity Olecranon ULNA longer and medial Radial Notch Coronoid Process Ulnar Tuberosity At the proximal end of the ulna forms the elbow An anterior projection distal to the trochlear notch A notch on the anterior side of the olecranon receives trochlea of humerus A roughened area inferior to the neck on the anteromedial side Fibrous connective tissue that joins the shaft of the two bones Radial Tuberosity RADIUS shorter and lateral Styloid Process Interosseus Membrane Ulnar Notch A depression that articulates with the head of the radius Inferior to the coronoid process Where the shaft widens distally on the lateral side Where the head of the ulna articulates Trochlear Notch Styloid Process Posterior side of the ulna s distal end a A roughened V shaped area where the tendon of the deltoid muscle attaches a A rounded knob on the lateral side of the bone that articulates with the head 7 Capitulum of the radius 8 Trochlea a Medially located b Where the ulna articulates 9 Medial and Lateral Epicondyles a Roughened projections on either side of the distal end of the humerus b Tendons of the muscles of the forearm attach here Ulna and Radius KIN 2500 The Appendicular Skeleton Supplemental Instruction Carpals Look at anterior view vs posterior view Some Scaphoid Lovers Lunate Try Triquetrum Positions Pisiform Proxim Carpals Lateral al to Medial Distal Carpals Lateral to Medial Metacarpals That Trapezium They Trapezoid Can t Capitate Largest Handle Hamate 1 How many are there 5 on each hand 2 What category of bone are they short flat long etc Short 3 Do they have a proximal or distal head Distal Proximal base Shaft Distal Head 4 Labeled I V lateral to medial remember anatomical position Thumb is 1 Phalanges Pelvic Girdle a b c Pubis Ischium Ilium 1 How many are there 14 in each hand 3 per finger thumb only has two 1 Each coxal bone is made up of three fused bones 2 What structure joins the two coxal bones anteriorly Pubic symphysis Posteriorly by the sacroiliac SI joint KIN 2500 The Appendicular Skeleton Supplemental Instruction 3 What is the auricular surface Where is it found Point of attachment for the SI ligament articulating with the sacrum On the ilium 4 4 spines on the ilium a ASIS Anterior Superior Iliac Spine Hip Pointers occur here b AIIS Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine c PSIS Posterior Superior Iliac Spine d PIIS Posterior Inferior Iliac Spine e They are all sites for muscle attachment 5 Iliac spine a Superior or inferior Both b Found between the spines on the anterior and posterior sides of the iliac spine Arcuate Line 6 Acetabulum a What view is this structure best seen from Lateral b What articulates here Head of the femur a Location Inferior and posterior part of the hip bone 7 Ischium b Where is the ischial tuberosity Below the acetabulum forms the obturator foramen 8 Pubis a Location Anterior inferior b How many rami are there What are they called 2 superior and inferior c Pubic symphysis anteriorly joints the two pubes of the hip bone i What is it made out of Disc of fibrocartilage ii What does it do Connects to the pubic symphysis and joins the two hip bones Femur tell the location of these landmarks Head Proximal end of the femur articulates with the acetabulum Neck Distal to the head proximal to the trochanters Greater trochanter Anterior to the hollow on the side of the hip Points of attachment for tendons of thigh and buttock muscles Lesser trochanter Inferior and medial to the greater Intertrochanteric line Between the anterior surfaces of the trochanters Intertrochanteric crest Between the posterior surfaces of the greater and lesser trochanter You CANNOT see this from an anterior view KIN 2500 The Appendicular Skeleton Supplemental Instruction Gluteal tuberosity Distal to the intertrochanteric crest on the posterior surface Linea aspera blends from the gluteal tuberosity Medial condyle Where ligaments from the knee attach Lateral condyle inferior to the epicondyles on the distal end Articulate with the medial and lateral condyles of the tibia Intercondyler fossa depressed area between the condyles on the posterior side Adductor tubercle site of muscle attachments Superior to the medial epicondyle Where is it located Kneecap small triangular bone located anteriorly to the knee joint Function Increase the leverage of the tendon of the quadriceps femoris Protection of the knee joint What bones does it articulate with Tiblal tuberosity and the medial and lateral condyles of the femur Patella Tibia 1 Bears all the weight from the femur 2 Has lateral and medial condyles 3 What is the tibial tuberosity Point of attachment for the patellar ligament 4 What is the medial malleolus Medial surface of he distal end Articulates with talus Forms the prominence that can be felt on the medial side of the ankle Fibula non weight bearing 1 Does it come into contact with the femur Never 2 The head of the fibula is proximal distal Proximal 3 Distally it articulates with the talus ankle via the lateral malleolus and the