chaotic1. According to the Revised Garbage CanModel, the decision-making process is:three separate "streams" thatoperate independently2. According to the Revised Garbage CanModel the decision-making process can beunderstood in the context of:False, independently3. The three streams of the revised garbagecan model of decision-making operateinterdependentlyTrue4. The three streams of the revised garbagecan model of decision-making are separateand operate independentlyproblem5. The ____________ stream refers to anunderstanding of "how and why one set of problemsrather than another comes to occupy officials'attention."political6. The ____________ stream representsthe pulse of the nation as conveyed throughpublic and special interest campaignspolicy7. The _______ stream is whereadministrators, technocrats, researchers, andpolitical staffers formulate policy proposalsthe problem, political, andpolicy streams8. Policy advocates increase their chancesof influencing the agenda-setting processgiven the convergence ofpolicy window9. When a problem emerges and thepolitical climate is ripe for certain policypreference a __________ widensFalse, Participatory10. The Revised Garbage Can style of decisionmaking assumes that a diverse group ofindividuals will act in consultative capacityinterest groups11. The Participatory model is advantageousinsofar as _____________ providedecision makers with a wealth of informationcaptive organization12. Organizations that are said to be more inclined tounderemphasize organizational values and goals andoveremphasize the values and goals of clientelegroups are:Falso, Contrary to13. Consistent with European oligarchies, the Americansystem of government was founded on the principle ofpopular sovereignty, the embodiment of which is the rightto participate in the electoral process.True14. In contrast to participatory decision makingand pluralism, elite theory assumes that a selectedfew are afforded the privilege of making decisionsknowledge level, education, or statuswithin an public organization15. From a decision-making perspective,being one of the elite may center on anindividual's:microeconomics16. Public choice theory is aschool of thought derived from:False, efficiency17. Public choice theorists underscorethe importance of social equityefficiency18. Public choice theoristsunderscore the importance ofpower and cohesiveness19. The primary goal of groupthink-styleddecision-making group is to maintain:False, extreme conformity that gets inthe way of any critical analysis20. Groupthink is characterized byfreewheeling (something often observedand encouraged in brainstorming)extreme conformity that gets inthe way of any critical analysis21. Group think is characterizedby:directive leadership, group homogeneity interms of ideals and background, andisolation from outside influences22. The circumstances under whichgroupthink occurs tend to coincide withthe options listed below...EXCEPT:a diverse group of individuals willact in a consultative capacity23. Participatory decisionmaking assumes:a select few are afforded theprivilege of making decisions24. Elite theory assumes:intra-organizational coalitionscompete for influence25. The political decision-making model assumes:microeconomics26. Public choice theory isderived from:self-interest determines how decisions aremade (bureaucrats will make decisions thatminimize risks and maximize rewards)27. Public choice theoryassumes that:perpetuates and condones the status quo(allows failing agencies and program tocontinue and even spread)28. Fundamental change is difficult toachieve via incrementalism because it:directive leadership, group homogeneity interms of ideals and background, andisolation from outside influences29. Which of the following is NOT one ofthe circumstances which tends toencourage groupthink:group loyalty is paramount, and dissent orcriticism undermines loyalty30. Rationalization is a symptomof groupthink because:leader avoiding stating preferences, leader designating"devil's advocate," outside experts as "devil's advocate,"anonymity, culture in which debate, creativity, and criticalanalysis are encouraged31. Which of the following are NOT meansof helping to avoid groupthink?True32. Taking risks is central tocreative decision making.True33. Effective brainstormingentails quantity over quality.False, policy not public34. In the revised garbage can model, theproblem, political, and public streams steerthe decision making process.False, pinpointing the problem35. The first step of decisionmaking is setting an objective.False, switch "must" and "want"36. To remain in the running, a course of actionshould meet some of the "must" objective and itshould meet all of the "want" objectives.True? (If so, what was done and what was theoutcome? Has a related problem occurred? I so whatelements were similar? How were they handled andto what effect?)37. When formulating alternative courses ofaction, a decision maker should ask whetherthe problem has existed before...,responsible, professional, andefficient38. Wilson champions that PublicAdministration must emerge as a professionthat is all of the below, EXCEPT:False, political39. Consistent with the notions of nineteenth-century reformerslike Wilson and Goodnow, twentieth-century analystsacknowledged the reality that appointed administrative officialsfunction in an apolitical environment.True40. The assumption that politics andadministration could be separated wasultimately disregarded as utopianinterest groups, legislators, mediagroups, and rank-and-file citizens41. Since they are endowed with great discretion,public administrators fall victim to policy preferencesfrom all sorts of stakeholders, most notably:budgets42. Massively dense documents filledwith calculations and figures areFalse, rational-comprehensiveschool43. According to the incremental approach the bestdecisions are logical: that is, decision-makers try tometiculously account for every possible consequenceinvolved in choosing one course of action over anotherFalse, incrementalist school44. The rational-comprehensive school of decision-making argues that pressures resulting from crisesand deadlines limit the amount of time available fordetailed analysis.budget45. The _________ reflects the successes and failures ofthe various contenders - agencies and departmentsfighting to avoid budget cuts through their relationshipswith powerful people and elected officials.True46. Through their exercise of widediscretion,
View Full Document
Unlocking...