Emotions 5 7 14 Saturday May 10 2014 10 06 PM Three different component Subjective conscious experience certain thoughts cognitions images Physiological arousal Changes in the body that accompany emotions Overt expressions of behavior observable changes Physiological autonomic arousal Activation of the autonomic nercous system Heart rate blood pressure respiration weating etc Adrenal hormones released Amygdala limbic system Possible evolutionary alarm flight fight freeze response Could explain negative emotions but not positive Some believe there are about 6 primary emotions Based on observations about universal non taught distinct facial expressions 1 2 3 Happiness Sadness Anger Fear Surprise Disgust i i Tend to be cross cultural May be evolved innate instinctual 1 Evolutionary Psych model of emotions People who are blind from birth still make typical facial expressions 1 2 Primates have species specific facial expressions Facial gestures may have been communicative prior to development of verbal language therefore emotions developed i Global innate reactions to common stimuli Disgust may have indicated danger and may also have and does today conveyed social judgment Anger conveying aggression violent potential showing disapproval 1 2 3 4 5 6 a Gives option to rectify or fight Surprise something different Sadness conveys need for support Happiness social approval Fear danger 2 James Lange Theory of Emotion William James and Carl Lange 1 2 Stimulus Autonomic Arousal Conscious experience of emotion I feel afraid because I tremble i ii Emotion as a result of perceiving autonomic arousal Implies that each emotion has a different unique autonomic feel that we can perceive 3 Cannon Bard Theory of Emotion Walter Cannon and Phillip Bard 1 Critique of James Lange How do you explain autonomic arousal without emotional perception component Ex Exercise Mimics autonomic arousal emotional response 2 The noise makes me tremble AND feel afraid Stimulus Arousal Conscious Experience of emotion simultaneously 4 Schachter Two Factor Theory of Emotion Stanley Schachter 1 There are two factors of emotion i Autonomic arousal Psychology Page 1 i ii i Autonomic arousal Cognitive interpretation based on contextual clues 2 Stimulus Arousal Cognitive interpretation Emotion cognitivally interpreted I hear a noise I should be alone therefore there is something threatening SO I m afraid What happens if you can t recognize your emotions May be the basis for emotional disorders cognitive therapy if you can t successfully interpret cognition Combination of physiology and Mind What if you lack cognitive abilities but still display emotions May be important to have cognitive ability to express explain emotions but reflexive emotions can still occur cognitive interpretation is just broken or difficult Psychology Page 2