PSYC100 Exam 1 Questions 1 If the right hemisphere of the brain is damaged which part of the body would be most directly affected a the left half b the right half Negative reinforcement involves d the entire body c the upper half a the removal of a pleasant stimulus b the presentation of an unpleasant stimulus c the presentation of a pleasant stimulus d the removal of an unpleasant stimulus A woman says she intends to vote for a candidate for president who is the opponent of the candidate her husband favors Her husband says she would have to be stupid to vote for the candidate she likes and ridicules her understand of political issues He keeps it up until she says he s right His behavior her expression of her political views a positively punishes b negatively reinforces d negatively punishes Watson and Rayner conditioned Little Albert to be afraid of a white rat As the conditioning process continued they discovered that Little Albert had also developed a fear of a white rabbit Watson s hair and a Santa Claus mask This is an example of a spontaneous recovery b stimulus generalization c extinction d stimulus discrimination c positively reinforces The reappearance of a conditioned response after extinction and a period of rest is called a disinhibition b reconditioning c spontaneous recovery d stimulus generalization Suppose you show a picture of a bicycle to a person with a severed corpus callosum in such a way that the information from the picture only enters the left hemisphere What happens if you ask the person what they saw a They will not be able to say they saw a bicycle and they will not be able to point to a picture of a bicycle b They will be able to both say they saw a bicycle and point to a picture of a bicycle c they will be able to say they saw a bicycle but will not be able to point to a picture of a bicycle d They will not be able to say they saw a bicycle but will be able to point to a picture of a bicycle An experiment was described in class that was concerned with whether one of the reasons people seek out the company of others is that being with other people can help 2 3 4 5 6 7 reduce anxiety In this experiment the room the subject chose to wait in was the and the level of anxiety experienced b a dependent variable extraneous variable b dependent variable independent variable c independent variable dependent variable d extraneous variable independent variable y the subject was the Researchers studying the effects of sleep deprivation tested the physical coordination skills of 25 year old males who had been sleep deprived for either 24 36 or 48 hours In this study the dependent variable would be a the length of time the participants had been sleep deprived b the age of the research participants c the physical coordination skills of the men in the study d the type of physical coordination task the researchers use In the field of sensation and perception which of the following showed that a science of psychology was possible by demonstrating that a psychological phenomenon could be objectively measured a Just noticeable perceptual differences in stimulus intensity are a constant proportion of the initial stimulus intensity b There are two types of light receptors on the retina rods and cones c Information from approximately 127 million light receptors in the eye is transmitted to the brain over approximately 100 million optic neurons d All of the above Technically your absolute threshold is the point which you can detect a any stimulus set point b a stimulus 75 percent of the time c a stimulus 50 percent of the time d any stimulus that registers on sensory memory 10 11 12 Which of the following provides evidence that human perception is affected by our Information processing at the level of the retina can be illustrated by a the arrangement of rods and cones across the surface of the retina b the center surround arrangement of the receptive fields of some optic neurons c Nothing There is no information processing going on at the level of the retina d the precise location of the blind spot in each retina knowledge and expectations a Temporal context effects like those illustrated by the picture of a man s face that changed into a woman that was show in class b Reversible picture like the picture of the old woman young woman that was shown in class c The fact that we see motion in movies when what is being shown is a sequence of still pictures d All of the above 8 9 13 When neurons communicate with each other electrical activity passes from the cell body to the synapse along the and the cell responds in a manner a dendrites all or none b dendrites graded c axon graded d axon all or none A rat is placed on one side of a two compartment shuttle box On each trail a light is turned on and is followed 10 seconds later by a painful electric shock for one minute The rat can terminate the trail by jumping a barrier into the other compartment If the rat jumps during the light it has learned to the shock if the rat jumps during the shock it has learned to the shock a avoid escape b avoid avoid c escape avoid d escape escape In Pavlov s original experiment on classical conditioning the unconditioned response UCR was a the sound of a tone b salivation elicited by meat powder c the presentation of meat powder following a tone d salivation elicited by a tone A variable other than the independent variable that appears to have influenced the dependent variable in a study is referred to as a a redundant variable b an extraneous variable c a covariate d an inverse bias 17 Which of the following statements about punishment is false a Punishment and reinforcement are about equally effective learning techniques b Punishment can produce negative side effects such as aggression and hostility c For punishment to be effective in eliminating an unwanted behavior it should not be administered every time the behavior occurs d Positive punishment involves the presentation of an aversive stimulus and negative punishment involves the removal of a pleasant stimulus The process of selectively reinforcing responses that are closer and closer approximations of some desired response is called a step wise conditioning b shaping c stimulus discrimination d selection The behavior that would be most difficult to extinguish would be one that was a reinforced every time it occurred b shaped 14 15 16 18 19 c reinforced intermittently d reinforced by your parents You turn on a 3 way light bulb at 50 watts
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