History 201 Spring 2013 Landau List of terms for the final exam this is a long list But still it is not definitive As you review these terms make sure you know the date the people involved and the overall significance You will be asked on the exam to include who was president at the time as well so once you have your dates check the list of presidents at the back of the textbook Have you no sense of Decency Sir Anticommunist crusader Senator Joseph R McCarthy stepped into national prominence on February 9 1950 when he mounted an attack on President Truman s foreign policy agenda McCarthy charged that the State Department and its Secretary Dean Acheson harbored traitorous Communists McCarthy s apocalyptic rhetoric made critics hesitate before challenging him On June 9 1954 the 30th day of the Army McCarthy hearings McCarthy accused Fred Fisher one of the junior attorneys at Welch s law firm of associating while in law school with the National Lawyers Guild NLG a group which J Edgar Hoover sought to have the U S Attorney General designate as a Communist front organization When McCarthy tried to renew his attack Welch interrupted him Senator may we not drop this We know he belonged to the Lawyers Guild Let us not assassinate this lad further Senator You ve done enough Have you no sense of decency sir At long last have you left no sense of decency How do you ask a man to be the last man to die for a mistake Comment made by John Kerry in 1971 about the aftermath of the Vietnam War Kerry was the only representative of Vietnam Veterans Against the War Three generations of imbeciles are enough This insidious quotation was the tag line in Supreme Court Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes s infamous opinion in the 1927 case of Buck v Bell which legitimized the eugenics movement in the United States involving forced sterilizations on a massive scale of persons deemed socially inadequate to bear children Unfit persons included the poor illiterate blind deaf deformed diseased orphans ne er do wells homeless tramps and paupers This evil experiment in social engineering was intended to purify the white race the program served as a model for the Nazi racial laws and Hitler s final solution for exterminating the Jews Holmes rejected Carrie Buck s plea to prevent her court ordered salpingectomy to make her sterile 18th Amendment effectively established the prohibition of alcoholic beverages in the United States by declaring the production transport and sale of though not the consumption or private possession of alcohol illegal Its ratification was certified on January 16 1919 with the amendment taking effect on January 17 1920 The police courts and prisons were overwhelmed with new cases organized crime increased in power and corruption extended among law enforcement officials The amendment was repealed in 1933 by ratification of the Twenty first Amendment the only instance in United States history that a constitutional amendment was repealed AFL CIO George Meany was the head of the American Federation of Labor Congress of Industrial Organization which proclaimed American labor never had it so good National Trade Union Started in 1955 It wanted to perpetuate the growth of consumerism marketing specialists and advertising agencies sought to heighten consumers desires by appealing to their sense of social envy Bay of Pigs During the Cuban Revolution was an unsuccessful military invasion of Cuba undertaken by the paramilitary group Brigade 2506 on 17 April 1961 A counter revolutionary military trained and funded by the United States government s Central Intelligence Agency CIA Brigade 2506 fronted the armed wing of the Democratic Revolutionary Front DRF and intended to overthrow the revolutionary leftist government of Fidel Castro Launched from Guatemala the invading force was defeated by the Cuban armed forces under the command of Prime Minister Fidel Castro within three days Berlin Airlift June 27 1948 to May 12 1949 The Soviets trying to push the west out of Berlin countered this move by requiring that all Western convoys bound for Berlin travelling through Soviet Germany be searched The Trizone government recognizing the threat refused the right of the Soviets to search their cargo The Soviets then cut all surface traffic to West Berlin on June 27 The order to begin supplying West Berlin by air was approved later by U S General Lucius Clay on June 27 President Truman wishing to avoid war or a humiliating retreat supported the air campaign against many advisors wishes Surviving a normally harsh German winter the airlift carried over two million tons of supplies in 270 000 flights The blockade of Berlin was finally lifted by the Soviets on May 12 1949 Berlin became a symbol of the United States resolve to stand up to the Soviet threat without being forced into a direct conflict Black Tuesday When Wall Street crashed began in late October 1929 and was the most devastating stock market crash in the history of the United States when taking into consideration the full extent and duration of its fallout 2 The crash signaled the beginning of the 10 year Great Depression that affected all Western industrialized countries and did not end in the United States until the onset of American mobilization for World War II at the end of 1941 Bonus Army March Some 15 000 to 20 000 World War I veterans from across the country marched on the Capitol in June 1932 to request early payment of cash bonuses due to them in 1945 The Great Depression had destroyed the economy leaving many veterans jobless Six futile weeks of lobbying Congress raised government fears of riots and on July 28 cavalry infantry tank troops and a mounted machine gun squadron commanded by General Douglas MacArthur and Major Dwight Eisenhower dispersed veterans and their families with bayonets and tear gas Public opinion denounced President Herbert Hoover for the resulting bloodshed and helped force him from office Bretton Woods 1944 International banks that all came together The Bretton Woods system of monetary management established the rules for commercial and financial relations among the world s major industrial states in the mid 20th century The Bretton Woods system was the first example of a fully negotiated monetary order intended to govern monetary relations among independent nation states Preparing to rebuild the international economic system as World War II was still raging 730 delegates from all 44 Allied nations gathered at the Mount
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