Alexander Szalai conducted a national random sample in 1965 66 of 1 243 working parents in 44 American cities documented the alarming story of the The Second Shift Preface Arlie Russell Hochschild sociology professor in increasing numbers women have gone into the workforce but very few have gone very high up in it this is because men do not share the raising of their children and the caring for their homes Introduction since the publication of this book the proportion of couples who both have jobs has increased Chapter 1 A Speed up in the Family cid 127 more mothers than non mothers are in the workforce working woman s double day women averaged 3 hrs day on housework men 17 min day women spent 50 min day exclusively with their children men 12 min day cid 127 men watched television an hour longer than their wives cid 127 men slept a half hour longer than their wives over a year women worked an extra month of 24 hour days then men get sick more often cid 127 My Research studies show that working mothers have higher self esteem and get less depressed than housewives but compared to their husbands they re more tired and research associates Anne Machung Elaine Kaplan Hochschild and her research associates interviewed 50 couples intensively and observed a dozen homes also talked to their neighbors friends their children s teachers day care workers baby sitters to other men and women who were not part of two job couples Inside the Extra Month a Year the first shift your actual job the second shift caring for your children and home women more often do two things at once cid 127 more men than women take their children on fun outings women spend more time on maintenance such as feeding and bathing children cid 127 men do fewer of the undesirable household chores working wives spend relatively more time mothering the house husbands spend more time mothering the children women are more often the lightning rods for family aggression aroused by the speed up of work and family life Chapter 2 Marriage in the Stalled Revolution The Top and Bottom of Gender Ideology women are departing more from their mothers and grandmothers way of life men are doing so less a gender strategy is a plan of action through which a person tries to solve problems at hand given the cultural notions of gender at play a woman s gender ideology determines what sphere she wants to identify with home or work and how much power in the marriage she wants to have 3 types of ideology of marital roles traditional wants to identify with her activities at home wants her husband to base his identity on work wants less power than him traditional man wants the same egalitarian transitional wants to identify with the same spheres her husband does have an equal amount of power in the marriage between traditional and egalitarian wants to identify with her role at work as well as home believes husband should base his identity more on work than she does wants to identify both with the caring for the home and with helping her husband earn money but wants her husband to focus on earning a living when a man tries to apply his gender ideology to the situations that face him in real life unconsciously or not he pursues a gender strategy gender strategies are the basic dynamic of marriage family myths versions of reality that obscure a core truth in order to manage a family tension Chapter 4 Joey s Problem Nancy and Evan Holt cid 127 Gender Strategies Family Myths The Holt family cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 wants a similar balance of spheres and equal power considered 50 of the second shift as Evan s rightful job and found it hard to feel grateful for any less her mother hadn t gone to college never had a professional job and didn t believe women could be equal to their husbands Evan didn t believe her personal decision to work outside the home should cause him to do more inside it thought she should enjoy her work and find it important Evan Nancy husband and wife for 7 years son Joey Nancy social worker cid 127 Mrs Egalitarian ardent feminist wasn t like her mother Evan warehouse furniture salesman cid 127 Mr Transitional similar to his father fine with Nancy having a career as long as she can handle the family too both went to college and work was important to their identity felt the same way about family roles Joey has a difficult time getting to sleep strongly attached to Nancy sees little of Evan Behind the Footsteps Initially Nancy was absorbing far more of the second shift than Evan Evan had more leisure time than Nancy Nancy tried to put in place a dinner schedule each were in charge of 3 dinner a week and would share or go out Sunday Evan continually forgot it was his turn fear that if they shared the second shift she would dominate him feared that Nancy was avoiding taking care of him Nancy started withholding sex The idea of separating arose Upstairs Downstairs A Family Myth as Solution lessening of tension over the second shift after the separation crisis Nancy was in charge of upstairs Evan was in charge of downstairs downstairs meant the garage also in charge of the dog this system was a family myth Chapter 5 The Family Myth of the Traditional Frank and Carmen Delacorte The Delacorte Family Frank and Carmen husband and wife for 6 years daughter delia Frank cid 127 Mr Traditional factory worker Carmen cid 127 Mrs Traditional cid 127 more traditional views on men and women than Evan Holt cid 127 man should be the head of the house and have the final say needed Carmen to work to provide income wanted Frank to be the man of the house and have the final say thought she should feel grateful for whatever extra help Frank gave around the house wanted Frank to know more than she did Day care Worker We ll need my salary but I won t rub it in thought she should dislike her work and feel it as unimportant did not work because she wanted to Chapter 8 A Scarcity of Gratitude Seth and Jessica Stein The Stein Family cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 …