Chapter 22 MULTIPLE CHOICE Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question 1 Vaccination is available for all the following EXCEPT A rabies B botulism C Haemophilus meningitis D Neisseria meningitis E tetanus Answer B 2 All of the following are acquired by ingestion EXCEPT A Creutzfeldt Jakob disease B botulism C listeriosis D cryptococcosis E poliomyelitis Answer D 3 Arboviruses cause and are transmitted by A meningitis mosquitoes B encephalitis exposure to certain trees C encephalitis mosquitoes D meningitis exposure to certain trees E both meningitis and encephalitis mosquitoes Answer C 4 All of the following diseases are caused by arbovirus EXCEPT A eastern equine encephalitis B primary amebic meningoencephalitis PAM C West Nile encephalitis D St Louis encephalitis E None of the answers is correct all of these diseases are caused by arbovirus Answer B 5 All of the following organisms cause meningitis EXCEPT A Neisseria meningitidis B Mycobacterium leprae C Cryptococcus neoformans D Haemophilus influenzae E Streptococcus pneumoniae Answer B 1 6 On October 5 a pet store sold a kitten that subsequently died On October 22 rabies was diagnosed in the kitten Between September 19 and October 23 the pet store had sold 34 kittens Approximately 1000 people responded to health care providers following local media alerts These people were given A antibiotics B human diploid cell vaccine C postexposure prophylaxis D immune globulin injections E antiviral medications Answer C 7 Which of the following is treated with antibiotics A botulism B polio C streptococcal pneumonia D tetanus E All of these diseases can be successfully treated with antibiotics Answer C 8 The most common route of central nervous system invasion by pathogens is through A the skin B the gastrointestinal system C the parenteral route D the circulatory system E direct penetration into nerves Answer D 9 Which of the following statements about rabies is FALSE A It is caused by Lyssavirus B Most infections in the U S are the result of bites from infected dogs C Average incubation period is 30 to 50 days after initial infection D Hydrophobia is associated with the disease E Diagnosis is based on immunofluorescent techniques Answer B 10 Naegleria fowleri meningoencephalitis is commonly acquired by A exposure to bird droppings B ingestion of water contaminated with fecal material C exposure to body fluids of a contaminated individual D mosquito bites E swimming in warm ponds or streams Answer E 11 Which of the following pairs is mismatched A Haemophilus influenzae virulence due to capsule B Mycobacterium leprae cultured in armadillos C Cryptococcus neoformans acid fast rod D Neisseria meningitidis produces deadly endotoxins E Naegleria fowleri causes amoebic encephalitis Answer C 2 12 Initial treatment for tetanus in an unimmunized person with a puncture wound is A penicillin B debridement C tetanus toxoid D tetanus immune globulin E none no action is necessary Answer D 13 Encephalitis is more common in the summer months because A ticks are encountered while hiking in the woods B pathogens are present in swimming pools and lakes C ameba populations increase in swimming pools D people encounter more bats during warm summer evenings E mosquito populations increase Answer E 14 A pathologist detects Negri bodies while examining a brain section taken at autopsy What was the cause of death A eastern equine encephalitis B poliomyelitis C meningococcal meningitis D Hansen s disease E rabies Answer E 15 The most effective control of mosquito borne disease is A treatment of uninfected humans B treatment of infected humans C treatment of infected wild animals D elimination of the mosquito population E avoidance of endemic areas Answer D 16 Which of the following pairs is mismatched A botulism stimulates transmission of nerve impulse B tetanus releases potent neurotoxin C poliomyelitis multiplication of virus occurs in throat and small intestine D rabies virus destroys cells of the CNS E leprosy deformation of nose and hands can occur Answer A 17 Which of the following vaccines can cause the disease it is designed to prevent A inactivated polio vaccine B tetanus toxoid vaccine C meningococcal capsule vaccine D oral polio vaccine E Haemophilus influenzae capsule vaccine Answer D 3 18 All of the following organisms are transmitted via the respiratory route EXCEPT A Haemophilus influenzae B Neisseria meningitidis C Cryptococcus neoformans D Listeria monocytogenes E None of the answers is correct all of these organisms are transmitted by the respiratory route Answer D 19 All of the following are associated with botulism outbreaks EXCEPT A endospores of C botulinum have been recovered from honey B Alaskan natives have the highest rate of botulism C antibodies are not an effective method of treatment D type E toxin is associated with seafood E type B toxin is most virulent Answer B 20 Initial treatment for tetanus in a fully immunized person with a puncture wound is A tetanus toxoid B penicillin C tetanus immune globulin D DTaP E debridement Answer A 21 A 30 year old woman was hospitalized after she experienced convulsions On examination she was alert and oriented and complained of a fever headache and stiff neck Which of the following is most likely to provide rapid identification of the cause of her symptoms A check serum antibodies B Gram stain of throat culture C biopsy of brain tissue D Gram stain of cerebrospinal fluid E None of these would provide rapid identification Answer D 22 Which of the following statements about leprosy is FALSE A Patients with leprosy must be isolated B Diagnosis is based on skin biopsy C The etiologic agent is acid fast D It is transmitted by direct contact E It is rarely fatal Answer A 23 Which one of the following causes the most severe illness in humans with a mortality rate of 30 percent A eastern equine encephalitis B California encephalitis C western equine encephalitis D St Louis encephalitis E West Nile encephalitis Answer A 4 24 The prodromal symptom s of bacterial meningitis is are A mild cold symptoms B fever and headache C stiff neck and back pains D convulsions E fever headache and stiff neck Answer A 25 Which of the following pairs is mismatched A leprosy direct contact B poliomyelitis respiratory route C rabies direct contact D meningococcal meningitis respiratory route E listeriosis ingestion Answer B 26 A 30 year old woman was hospitalized after she