Chapter 2 MULTIPLE CHOICE Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question Figure 2 2 1 Archaea differ from bacteria in the composition of the cell membrane lipids Archaea have ether bonded lipids shown in part of Figure 2 2 and bacteria have ester bonded lipids shown in part of Figure 2 2 A c d B b c C b a D d c E a d Answer C 1 Figure 2 1 2 Which compound in Figure 2 1 is an organic acid A a B b C c D d E e Answer A 3 What is the type of bond between ions in salt A covalent bond B ionic bond C hydrogen bond Answer B Table 2 2 NaOH Na OH base HF H F acid MgSO4 Mg2 SO42 salt KH2PO4 K H2PO4 acid H2SO4 2H SO42 salt 4 Which of the following statements about the reactions in Table 2 2 is FALSE A They are dissociation reactions B They are exchange reactions C They occur when the reactants are dissolved in water D They are ionization reactions E They are reversible reactions Answer B 5 Which are the primary molecules making up plasma membranes in cells A carbohydrates B proteins C nucleic acids Answer D 2 D lipids Table 2 1 16 O 8 12 C 6 1H 1 6 Using the information in Table 2 1 calculate the molecular weight of ethanol C2H5OH A 34 B 96 C 46 D 33 E The answer cannot be determined Answer C 7 If you viewed one single protein using a microscope you would observe multiple structures A tertiary B primary C secondary D primary and secondary E secondary and tertiary Answer C 8 The antimicrobial drug imidazole inhibits sterol synthesis This would most likely interfere with A fungal cell walls B genes C bacterial cell walls D eukaryotic plasma membranes E prokaryotic plasma membranes Answer D 9 Antacids neutralize acid by the following reaction Identify the salt in the following equation Mg OH 2 2HCl MgCl 2 H2O A MgCl2 B HCl C Mg OH 2 D H2O E None of the answers is correct Answer A 10 Which type of molecule NEVER contains a phosphate group A ATP B triglycerides C lipid Answer B 11 Which of the following statements is FALSE A Water molecules are formed by hydrolysis B Salts readily dissolve in water C Water is a polar molecule D Water is a part of a dehydration synthesis reaction E Water freezes from the top down Answer A 3 D nucleic acid 12 Radioisotopes are frequently used to label molecules in a cell The fate of atoms and molecules in a cell can then be followed Assume Saccharomyces cerevisiae is grown in a nutrient medium containing the radioisotope 32P After a 48 hour incubation the majority of the 32P would be found in the S cerevisiae s A proteins B water C cell wall D plasma membrane E carbohydrates Answer D 13 Two glucose molecules are combined to make a maltose molecule What is the chemical formula for maltose A C12H23O10 B C12H22O11 C C3H6O3 D C6H12O6 E C12H24O12 Answer B Table 2 1 16 O 8 12 C 6 1H 1 14 Using the information in Table 2 1 calculate the number of moles in 92 grams of ethanol C2H5OH A 1 B 2 C 3 D 4 E The answer cannot be determined Answer B 15 Radioisotopes are frequently used to label molecules in a cell The fate of atoms and molecules in a cell can then be followed Assume Saccharomyces cerevisiae is grown in a nutrient medium containing the radioisotope 35S After a 48 hour incubation the 35S would most likely be found in the S cerevisiae s A nucleic acids B water C proteins D lipids E carbohydrates Answer C 16 Desulfovibrio bacteria can perform the following reaction S6 S2 These bacteria are A hydrolyzing sulfur B synthesizing sulfur C oxidizing sulfur D reducing sulfur Answer C 4 Figure 2 1 17 In Figure 2 1 which is an alcohol A a B b C c D d E e Answer C 18 Which of the following statements regarding protein structure is FALSE A Secondary structures are formed only from hydrogen bonds B Tertiary structures are formed only from covalent bonds C Quaternary structures involved multiple polypeptides D The primary structure is formed by covalent bonding between amino acid subunits Answer B 19 If an amino acid contained a hydrocarbon as its side group in which of the following categories could it be appropriately designated A acidic B hydrophilic C polar D nonpolar E basic Answer D 20 Which of the following is the type of bond between molecules of water in a beaker of water A ionic bond B hydrogen bond C covalent bond Answer B 21 Identify the following reaction HCl NaHCO3 NaCl H2CO3 A dehydration synthesis reaction B exchange reaction C reversible reaction D ionic reaction E hydrolysis reaction Answer B 22 Which molecule is composed of a chain of amino acids A lipid B protein Answer B 5 C nucleic acid D carbohydrate 23 Starch dextran glycogen and cellulose are polymers of A glucose B acids C amino acids D nucleic acids E fatty acids Answer A 24 Which of the following statements about the atom 12 C is FALSE 6 A Its atomic weight is 12 B It has 12 neutrons in its nucleus C It has 6 electrons orbiting the nucleus D Its atomic number is 6 E It has 6 protons in its nucleus Answer B 25 Which of the following is the type of bond holding K and I ions in KI A covalent bond B hydrogen bond C ionic bond Answer C 26 Which of the following pairs is mismatched A HF H F acid B MgSO4 Mg 2 SO 42 salt C KH2PO4 K H2PO4 acid D H2SO4 2H SO 42 acid E NaOH Na OH base Answer C 27 Which type of molecule is composed of CH2O units A lipid B nucleic acid C protein Answer D 28 Identify the following reaction Lactose H2O Glucose Galactose A exchange reaction B ionic reaction C dehydration synthesis reaction D reversible reaction E hydrolysis reaction Answer E 29 Identify the following reaction Glucose Fructose Sucrose Water A reversible reaction B exchange reaction C hydrolysis reaction D ionic reaction E dehydration synthesis reaction Answer E 6 D carbohydrate 30 A scientist wants to perform a test that will indicate whether a nucleic acid sample is composed of RNA or DNA Testing for the presence of which of the following is most appropriate in this situation A uracil B thymine C phosphate D nitrogen E guanine Answer A 31 Based upon the valence numbers of the elements magnesium 2 and hydrogen 1 predict how many covalent bonds would form between these atoms to achieve the full complement of electrons in their outermost energy shells A one B two C three D four Answer B 32 Which of the following is a base A NaOH Na OHB C2H5OH C C2H5OCOOH H C 2H5OCOO D H2CO E H2O H OHAnswer …