Chapter 18 MULTIPLE CHOICE Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question 1 A vaccine against HIV proteins made by vaccinia virus is a n A conjugated vaccine B subunit vaccine C nucleic acid vaccine D inactivated whole agent vaccine E toxoid vaccine Answer B 2 In a direct ELISA test to screen for drugs in a patient s urine what is the third step in the test process A enzyme labeled antibodies against the drug being tested B substrate for the enzyme C the patient s urine sample D antibody against the drug being tested Answer A 3 Haemophilus capsule polysaccharide plus diphtheria toxoid is a n A inactivated whole agent vaccine B attenuated whole agent vaccine C conjugated vaccine D subunit vaccine E toxoid vaccine Answer C Table 18 1 Antibody Titer Day 1 Day 7 Day 14 Patient A Patient B Patient C Patient D Day 21 0 128 0 256 256 512 512 1024 0 0 0 0 128 128 128 128 4 In Table 18 1 who is most likely protected from the disease A Patient A B Patient B C Patient C D Patient D Answer D 5 A DNA plasmid encoding a protein antigen from West Nile virus is injected into muscle cells of a horse This is an example of a n A conjugated vaccine B subunit vaccine C attenuated whole agent vaccine D nucleic acid vaccine E live whole agent vaccine Answer D 1 6 A reaction between antibody and particulate antigen is called a n A neutralization reaction B agglutination reaction C immunofluorescence D precipitation reaction E complement fixation Answer B 7 The following steps are used to produce monoclonal antibodies What is the fourth step A A B cell is activated to produce antibodies B Isolate antibody producing B cells C Culture the hybridoma D Vaccinate a mouse E Fuse a B cell to a myeloma cell Answer E Table 18 1 Antibody Titer Day 7 Day 14 Day 1 Patient A Patient B Patient C Patient D Day 21 0 128 0 256 256 512 512 1024 0 0 0 0 128 128 128 128 8 In Table 18 1 who probably has the disease A Patients A and B B Patients C and D C Patients A and C D Patients B and C E Patients A and D Answer A 9 What type of vaccine involves host synthesis of viral antigens A nucleic acid vaccine B attenuated whole agent vaccine C subunit vaccine D conjugated vaccine E toxoid vaccine Answer A 2 10 A patient shows the presence of antibodies against diphtheria toxin Which of the following statements is FALSE A The patient may have the disease B The patient may have had the disease and has recovered C The patient may have been vaccinated D The patient was near someone who had the disease E A recent transfusion may have passively introduced the antibodies Answer D 11 A test used to identify antibodies against Treponema pallidum in a patient s serum is the A direct fluorescent antibody test B direct ELISA test C indirect fluorescent antibody test D direct agglutination test E hemagglutination inhibition test Answer C 12 Toxoid vaccines such as the vaccines against diphtheria and tetanus elicit a n A TC cell response B dendritic cell proliferation C antibody response against gram positive bacteria D immune complex E antibody response against these bacterial toxins Answer E 13 Purified protein from Bordetella pertussis is used in a n A nucleic acid vaccine B conjugated vaccine C subunit vaccine D attenuated whole agent vaccine E toxoid vaccine Answer C 14 All of the following are generally used in vaccines EXCEPT A inactivated viruses B antibodies C live attenuated bacteria D parts of bacterial cells E toxoids Answer B 15 Live polio virus can be used in a n A inactivated whole agent vaccine B attenuated whole agent vaccine C conjugated vaccine D subunit vaccine E toxoid vaccine Answer B 3 16 Hepatitis B virus surface antigen can be used in a n A inactivated whole agent vaccine B attenuated whole agent vaccine C conjugated vaccine D subunit vaccine E toxoid vaccine Answer D Table 18 1 Antibody Titer Day 1 Day 7 Day 14 Patient A Patient B Patient C Patient D Day 21 0 128 0 256 256 512 512 1024 0 0 0 0 128 128 128 128 17 In Table 18 1 who showed seroconversion during these observations A Patient A B Patient B C Patient C D Patient D Answer A 18 Which of the following statments about measles is FALSE A It is preventable by vaccination B The disease has been eradicated in the United States C Complications include pneumonia encephalitis and death D It is a serious disease E Annually it kills thousands of children worldwide Answer B 19 A patient s serum Mycobacterium guinea pig complement sheep red blood cells and anti sheep red blood cell antibodies are mixed in a test tube What happens if the patient has antibodies to Mycobacterium A Hemagglutination inhibition occurs B Hemolysis occurs C Bacteria fluoresce D Hemagglutination occurs E No hemolysis occurs Answer E 20 Monoclonal antibodies are used in diagnostic tests and disease treatments because they A are highly specific B can be produced in large quantities C contain a mixture of antibodies D are highly specific and they can be produced in large quantities E are highly specific they can be produced in large quantities and they contain a mixture of antibodies Answer D 4 21 A reaction between an antibody and soluble antigen forming lattices is called a n A immunofluorescence B neutralization reaction C precipitation reaction D agglutination reaction E complement fixation Answer C 22 A hybridoma results from the fusion of a an A antigen with a B cell B antigen with an antibody C myeloma cell with a virus D B cell with a myeloma cell E B cell with a T cell Answer D 23 In an immunodiffusion test to diagnose histoplasmosis a patient s serum is placed in a well in an agar plate In a positive test a line forms as the serum diffuses from the well and meets material diffusing from a second well What type of test is this A an ELISA test B a direct test C a complement fixation test D an agglutination reaction E a precipitation reaction Answer E 24 Which of the following is a test to determine a patient s blood type by mixing the patient s red blood cells with antisera A direct agglutination reaction B passive agglutination reaction C immunofluorescence D neutralization reaction E precipitation reaction Answer A 25 Which of the following is a test to determine the presence of soluble antigens in a patient s saliva A direct agglutination reaction B passive agglutination reaction C immunofluorescence D neutralization reaction E precipitation reaction Answer E 5 Figure 18 1 26 Figure 18 1 is an illustration of a an A direct ELISA test B hemagglutination