Energy Metabolism ProblemACTIVITIES FOR 24 HOURSTable 3: Energy Levels and their energy CostEnergyEnergy CostSleepingTOTAL ENERGY EXPENDITUREEnergy Costs for ActivitiesTotal Minutes SpentShould be 1440Total EnergyKcal/dayThis is your total energy expenditure for question #2.FemaleMaleSedentarySUMMARY SHEETAgeKcal/day #4aYour Estimated Energy OutputAccording to your Food Analysis Lab, on the average, how many Kcals do you eat?___2246.60______Kcal/dayEnergy Metabolism Lab (SP-15)NPCsp15Name: Date:Energy Metabolism ProblemThe objective of this self-study is to determine your own state of energy balance.Total energy need is determined by: -basal metabolism-physical activity/exercise-dietary induced thermogenesis (DIT) (formerly called: specific dynamic effect of food/thermic effect of food (TEF)1. Basal MetabolismEstimation of basal energy needs can be done by different methods.a. Calculation of basal metabolism:Determine from your body surface area the energy you need to support your basal metabolic rate.1. Use Table 1 to determine your surface area. Draw a straight line from you height (left column) to your weight (right column). The point at which that line crosses the middle column shows your surface area in square meters.Surface area in square meters _2.03__2. Use Table 2 to find the factor for your age and sex, and multiply your surface area by this factor. Show work below. Round off your answer. This method isnot so accurate that using many decimal places is meaningful.- 2.03*35.2= 713. Multiply the product by 24 hours/day to find your basal metabolic energy needs/day. Show work and enter the number you arrived at below. (This number will be your Basal metabolic energy needs per day).- 71*24__1704____ Kcal/day1 NPCsp15Table 1. Nomogram for Determination of Surface Area in Square MetersTo determine square meters place a dot on the Height line at the place on the line that is your height; place a dot on the Weight line at the place on the line that is your weight. To find your surface area, use a ruler or other straight edge to draw a line to connect the dots. Your surface area is the place where the line you drew intersects the square meters line.NPCsp15Reference: Boothby WM, Sandiford RB. Boston Med Surg J 1921, 185, 337 2Name: Date:Table 2 Basal Metabolic Rate Age Males Females Age Males Females (yr.) (kcal/m²/hr) (kcal/m²/hr) (yr.) (kcal/m²/hr) (kcal/m²/hr) 3 60.1 54.5 26 38.2 35.0 4 57.9 53.9 27 38.0 35.0 5 56.3 53.0 28 37.8 35.0 6 54.0 51.2 29 37.7 35.0 7 52.3 49.7 30 37.6 35.0 8 50.8 48.0 31 37.4 35.0 9 49.5 46.2 32 37.2 34.9 10 47.7 44.9 33 37.1 34.9 11 46.5 43.5 34 37.0 34.9 12 45.3 42.0 35 36.9 34.8 13 44.5 40.5 36 36.8 34.7 14 43.8 39.2 37 36.7 34.6 15 42.9 38.3 38 36.6 34.5 16 42.0 37.2 39 36.4 34.4 17 41.5 36.4 40-44 36.2 34.1 18 40.8 35.8 45-49 35.8 33.8 19 40.5 35.4 50-54 35.1 33.1 20 39.9 35.3 55-59 34.5 32.8 21 39.5 35.2 60-64 33.5 32.0 22 39.2 35.2 65-69 32.7 31.6 23 39.0 35.2 70-74 31.8 31.1 24 38.7 35.1 75+ 25 38.4 35.1From W.M. Boothby. Handbook of Biological Data, ed. W.S. Spector. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders, 1956. Reprinted with permission from the publisher.NPCsp15b. Rough estimate of basal metabolism:Multiply your body weight in kilograms by 1 Kcal (for men) or .9 Kcal (for women) to get your basal metabolic rate per hour. For a day estimate, multiple the hourly rate by 24 hrs./day.lb to kg conversion = lb/2.2 = kg (show work)weight in kilograms: 190/2.2=86.36basal metabolic rate per Hour : 86.36*0.9=77.72477.724*24=1865.376Estimated BMR _1865.376_Kcal/day3NPCsp15Name: Date:c. Harris-Benedict Formula:For MEN: BMR = 66 + (13.7 x wt. in kg) + (5 x ht. in cm) – (6.8 x age in yr.)For WOMEN: BMR = 665 + (9.6 x wt. In kg) + (1.8 x ht. in cm) – (4.7 x age in yr)Show work.665 + (9.6*86.36) + (1.8*178)-(4.7*21)665+829.056+320.4-98.7= 1715.756d. Estimating Basal Metabolic Rate Using Lean Body Mass:Please use your body fat % (lab 11, question 14) to calculate your BMR. 27.4To figure out lean body mass in Kilograms (kg): Weight (lbs.) x body fat % = lbsWeight (lbs.) - lbs. of fat = lbs. of lean body massLbs. of lean body mass ÷ by 2.2 = kg of lean body mass Final Equation:BMR (men and women) = [21.6 x lean body mass (kg)] + 370Show your work.190*.274=52.06190-52.06=137.94137.94/2.2= 62.7BMR= (21.6*62.7) + 370=454.30e. Factors effecting BMR:A number of factors affect basal metabolism. Consult your text or other nutrition texts and listthese factors and give the effect: increase or decrease. List at least six factors.FactorEffect: or ↓ 1.age 1. UP2.height 2. UP 3.growth 3. UP 4.Stress4. UP NPCsp155.Body compostion 5. UP 6. Fever6. UP 4NPCsp15Name: Date:2. Calculation of Energy Used for Physical Activity:Select a typical 24 hour period. Keep a diary of your activities and record the length of time you spent at various energy levels. Use Form 1 to summarize information. Table 3 lists the levels and their energy cost. Be sure to account for all 24 hours (1,440 minutes total). Be careful not to overestimate the energy levels of your activities. Remember, the Calories you spend on them depends on the extent and vigor of your muscular movements, not on how “busy” you feel or how tired you get performing them.Add up the minutes you spend at each energy level to reach totals at the bottom of Form 2(10-7). You have now calculated the total energy expended in the day for physical activity. Enter this number below.Total Energy Expenditure_417.30 Kcal/day3. Dietary Induced Thermogenesis (DIT) – formerly Specific Dynamic Effect of Food/ Thermic Effect of Food (TEF)A certain amount of work (or energy) is expended in the digestion of food, its absorption, its transfer to the tissues and its utilization by the cells. This increased heatproduction as the result of ingestion of food is known as dietary induced thermogenesis.Dietary