Body Composition (SP-15)NPCsp15Name: Date:Body Composition1) What is the significance of being underweight? Overweight?- Underweight significance less risk of disease and health problems - Overweight can 2) List 3 major laboratory techniques used to estimate body fatness1) Hydrostatic Weighing 2) Bioelectrical Impedance 3)Bod Pod ( air displacement )3) What is BMI and how is it calculated (formula)?- Body mass index, used to determine underweight, overrate and obesity ranges - Weight (kg) / Height (m)24) What is BMI used to assess?- To estimate body fat and determine risk for disease 5) Calculate your BMI. Show your work.- 86.183kg/ 1.524m 26) What class does your BMI fall within? What does this mean in terms of health risk?- I am “overweight”1 NPCsp15Name: Date:7) List 2 groups of people that BMI is not accurate for and explain why.1) Athletes Why: an athlete would not have as much fat as a person who weights the same and is non active 2) AmputeesWhy: BMI doesn’t take into account missing body parts 8a) What does the waist circumference indirectly measure? - It indirectly measures abdominal fat 8b.Why is this important in terms of disease risk?- It helps determine the risk of developing CVD 9a) Use a tape measure, and measure your waist circumference.___33__ inches 9b) Is your measurement smaller or larger than the standard cutoffs? What does this value mean?- It is smaller, it means that I am at a lower risk of getting CVD and indicator that I do not have a lot of abdominal fat 10a) What is the fatfold (skinfold) test? - When you pinch the skin/ subcutaneous fat with a caliper and skin is measured at certain points on the body and is compared to standards 10b) How are the skinfolds measured?- Once you get the numbers from the test you plug them into formulas NPCsp152Name: Date: 10c) What sites are primarily used to measure the skinfolds?- Triceps, chest, axilla, subscapula, iliac crest, abdominal, front thigh, medial calf, medial calf, biceps. 10d) What is the premise behind using fatfolds as a measure to assess % body fat?- 10e) List 2 disadvantages of using skinfolds to assess % body fat.1) High sources of error due to measurements 2) Inaccurate if you do not measure enough sites or wrong formula used 11a) What is Hydrostatic Weighing? - Denistometric measurement used to assess body fat, It measures water displacement 11b) How is Hydrostatic Weighing performed?- You weigh a dry person then weight them underwater, then you measure water displacement subtract lung volume and divide by density 11c) What is the premise behind using it as a measure to assess % body fat?- 11d) List 2 disadvantages of using Hydrostatic Weighing to assess % body fat.1) Hard for subjects to hold breath and stay still underwater 2) Expensive equipment 3NPCsp15Name: Date:12a) What is Bioelectrical Impedance? - Electrical resistance 12b) How is Bioelectrical Impedance measured?- Machine sends low voltage electric current through the body, resistance correlatedto amount of body fat 12c) What is the premise behind using it as a measure to assess % body fat?- 12d) List 2 disadvantages of using Bioelectrical Impedance to assess % body fat.1) High standard error range, 2) Hydration status strongly affects electrical current NPCsp154Name: Date:13) Use your BMI value in the following equation to ESTIMATE your % body fat. Show your work. % body fat = 1.20 x BMI + (0.23 x AGE) – (10.8 x GENDER) – 5.4 Where gender = 0 for women, 1 for men14) Now using the handheld Bioelectrical Impedance device, measure your percent body fat. - 27.415) Compare the two body fat percentages obtained above (question 13 vs. question 14).a. How much of a difference is there between these two values?b. Why do you think there is a difference between these two numbers?c. Is there any one way of measuring % body fat that is 100% accurate? Why or why not?16) Which one of the methods is more reliable? Explain your answer.5Name: Date:NPCsp1517) Compare your % body fat (obtained from Bioelectrical Impedance) to the suggested values below:Suggested % Body FatMEN WOMENLow <6% <15%Borderline Low 6-11% 15-21%Desired 12-18% 22-26%Borderline High 19-21% 27-29%High >22% >30%a. Why are the percentages for women in each class higher than those for men?b. Where do you fall on this scale? Are you surprised by this? Explain your answer.o I fall in the borderline high, not really because I’ve noticed myself gainingweight and I do not work out on a consistent basis. Do you feel this percentage accurately reflects your body composition? Explain your answer.