SKELETAL MUSCLES OF BODY I Introduction 600 Skeletal muscles in human body Age 30 starts to be replaced by fat A 4 Functional Groups 1 Prime Movers agonists causes a specific movement of body 2 Antagonists opposes reverses or steadies a movement 3 Synergists assist prime movers by adding extra force preventing unwanted movement 4 Fixators immobilizers of bone or muscle s origin e g scapula shoulder B Muscle Terminology 1 Origin point of attachment that stays fixed during contraction anchor 2 Insertion moveable attachment of a muscle 3 Actions what muscle does ex flexion extension protractio retraction pronation suppination etc SKELETAL MUSCLES C Skeletal Muscle to Know HEAD MUSCLES Muscles Action 1 Frontalis Epicranius raises eyebrows 2 Occipitalis retracts scalp galea aponeurotica aponeurosis of scalp connecting frontalis to occipitalis 3 Temporalis elevates retracts jaw 4 Orbicularis oculi closes eye 5 Zygomaticus pulls lips superiorly posteriorly smile 6 Orbicularis oris puckers lips 7 Masseter clenches jaw 8 Mentalis pouts lower lip 9 Buccinator compresses cheek whistle suck 10 Corrugator frown Corrugator Mentalis NECK MUSCLES Muscles 1 Platysema 2 Sternocleidomastoid Action tenses skin of neck flexes laterally rotates head 3 Splenius capitis prime mover of head cervical vert to skull up side to side antagonists to sternocleidomastoid Splenius capitis SKELETAL MUSCLES TORSO CHEST ABS BACK Anterior Muscles Action chest 1 Pectoralis major push throw climb rib muscles respiration 2 Serratus protracts scapula boxer s muscle throw punch brings scapula forward 3 Internal intercostals inhalation forced exhalation 4 External intercostals inhalation 5 diaphragm inhalation abs torso flexion 6 Rectus abdominis sit ups curls 7 Transverse abdominis presses abd contents 8 External obliques trunk rotation lat flex 9 Internal obliques trunk rotation lat flex In general Ab muscles are FLEXORS Back muscles are EXTENSORS antagonists Posterior Muscles back 1 Trapezius 2 Latissimus dorsi 3 Erector spinae shoulder 4 Supraspinatus 5 Infraspinatus 6 Teres major 7 Rhomboid major Action torso extension shrugging slumping prime arm extension prime back ext lateral flexion slightly abducts humerus stabilizes shoulder arm swing retracts scapula stand at attention Erector spinae
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