JOURN 3000 1st Edition Lecture 19Outline of Last LectureI. new journalism Outline of Current LectureI. CPICurrent LectureThe Muckrakers Name from President Teddy Roosevelt in 1906 Publications include McClure’s, Cosmopolitan, Collier’s Writers include Lincoln Steffens, Ida Tarbell, Ray Stannard Baker, David Graham Phillips, Christopher Powell Connolly, Connolly’s ‘White Wash Brush’ Investigated Secretary of the Interior Richard Achilles Ballinger for giving away coal and mineral reserves to J.P. Morgan and Guggenheims President Taft fires whistle-blower Collier’s runs multi-part series Ballinger eventually forced to resign Connolly slandered, sued and won Committee on Public Information Wilson campaigned against involvement in World War I Wilson creates CPI once U.S. enters the war (April 14, 1917) Modeled after British counterpart; but with American features These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute. Headed by George Creel, former newspaper reporter, editor Journalists, authors, publicity men, advertising agents, lawyers, psychologists, government officials Incubator for public relations CPI crafted a voluntary censorship code – editors would not print anything that helped the enemy Mobilized 150,000 citizens in government propaganda effort to bolster public support for the war Crafted a multi-pronged propaganda campaign Engineering public opinion CPI distributes press releases to American newspapers CPI published the Official Bulletin – press releases in newspaper form Engineering public opinion CPI got publishers to donate space for public appeals Engineering public opinion Studios, Broadway produce patriotic films, news reels, and plays Freedom of Expression Sedition Act of 1917/18 Criminalized speech casting the government or the war effort in a negative light Supported by many newspapers Candidate Eugene V. Debs Freedom of Expression 2000 indictments Schenck v. U.S. (1919) – clear and present danger case Abrams v. U.S. (1919) – marketplace of ideas
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