ART-HIST 110 1st Edition Lecture 14ART HISTORY 110, Spring 2015Margaret VickeryArt Before WWI: Expressionism, Cubism, Futurism: Transformations of the BodyWORKS DISCUSSED:31-3. Henri Matisse, The Woman with the Hat, 1905.31-4. Matisse, Joy of Life, 1906. 31-18. WassilyKandinsky,Improvisation 28 (Second Version), 1912.31-5. Pablo Picasso, Family of Saltimbanques, 1905. 31-6. Pablo Picasso, Les Demoisellesd’Avignon, 1907.31-13. Ernst-Ludwig Kirchner, Street, Berlin, 1913. 31-7. Georges Braque, Violin and Palette, 1909-10. 31-1. Pablo Picasso, Ma Jolie, 1911-12. 31-9. Pablo Picasso, Glass and Bottle of Suze, 1912. Collage. 31-22. Gino Severini, Armored Train in Action, 1915. 31-23. Umberto Boccioni, Unique Forms of Continuity in Space, 1913. Bronze.KEY TERMS:Avant-Garde: Term that became current in 1840s Paris in the era of Realism. In the 20th century, refers toart that is made using experimental methods and/or materials, in a collective context, and rejects mainstream values such as nationalism, capitalism, totalitarianism, the bourgeois social order, heterosexism, Eurocentrism, and art as an elitist institution. Avant-garde art makestraditional aesthetic experience impossible and, in its extreme forms, tries to break down the divide between art and life. Fauvism: Term coined in 1905 when an art critic referred to works by Derain, Matisse, and others as the “Fauves” or “Wild Beasts.” An expressionist Salon art characterized by vivid, intense colors, simplified orfaux-naïve drawing, and sketchlike appearance.Cubism: Movement instigated by Picasso and Braque in 1908 based on a visual analysis of the object in multidimensional space, seen from all sides at once and simplified into rhythmic or geometric forms that open from one into another, so that figure and background often collapse into each other. The Demoisellesd’Avignonis proto-Cubist in its geometric distortions of figure and space. Collage: a work composed of separate elements pasted together (French “coller” = “to glue”)Primitivism: Incorporating aesthetic or cultural references to non-western or ancient cultures in a modernist artwork, in order to invest it with values projected stereotypically onto colonized peoples such as simplicity, innocence, timelessness, spirituality, sexuality, collectivism, or social harmony.Expressionism: Art work involving some kind of simplification, abstraction, or distortion of representational elements, or else the use of pure form in totally abstract compositions. Often involves speedy execution in order to convey the idea of spontaneity or directness. Associated with German and Scandinavian early 20th-Century art. Involves the artist’s conscious attempt to express something emotional or instinctive, though usually in a general sense rather than one specific idea or feeling.Futurism: Italian movement of the early 20th Century based on a series of manifestoes celebrating the violent destruction of classical culture, the celebration of mechanization and war as a way of “cleansing” society to make way for the new, and experimentation with industrial materials as well as breaking down language and form in order to liberate visual and verbal