ART-HIST 110 1st Edition Lecture 6Works discussed: EIGHTEENTH- AND EARLY NINETEENTH-CENTURY ART IN EUROPE 1. Figure 29-58 CASPAR DAVID FRIEDRICH, Monk by the Sea, 1809-10 2. Figure 29-55 JOSEPH MALLORD WILLIAM TURNER, Slavers Throwing Overboard the Dead andDying, Typhoon Coming On (The Slave Ship), 1840MID- TO LATE NINETEENTH-CENTURY ART IN EUROPE 1. Figure 30-15 JEAN-BAPTISTE-CAMILLE COROT, First Leaves, Near Mantes, c. 1855 2. Figure 30-6 LOUIS-JACQUES-MANDÉ DAGUERRE, The Artist’s Studio, 1837 3. Figure 30-11 JULIA MARGARET CAMERON, Portrait of Thomas Carlyle, 1867 4. Figure 29-53 HONORÉ DAUMIER, Rue Transnonain, 15 April 1834 (1834) 5. Figure 30-14 JEAN-FRANÇOIS MILLET, The Gleaners, 1857 6. Figure 30-16 ROSA BONHEUR, The Horse Fair, 1853–1855 7. Figure 30-17 ÉDOUARD MANET, Le Déjeuner sur l’Herbe (Luncheon on the Grass), 1863 Terms and events: 1. Camera obscura (“dark room”): A box with small hole on one side through which light (and image) passes. The image is reflected by a mirror onto a drawing surface. Camera obscuras have been used since ancient times. 2. Daguerreotype: An early type of photograph in which the image could be fixed on a chemically-treated metal plate coated with light-sensitive material. 3. Revolution of 1848 & the establishment of the Second Republic in France (1848-1851): A popular uprising organized by a coalition of workers, socialists and anarchists as a These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.response to growing social unrest, state violence, poverty and unemployment. 4. 1851-1870, The Second Empire in France ruled by Napoleon III 5. Realism: An intellectual movement that emerged in French literature and art in the aftermathof the 1848 Revolution in order to describe the brutal truths of the lives of the lower classes. 6. Salon des Refusés (1863) (“Salon of the Rejected Ones”): In 1863, the jury of the annual Salon exhibition in Paris turned down nearly 3000 works, which led to a storm of protests. Napoleon III, the Emperor of the Second Empire, allowed the refused works to be shown to the public at a separate exhibition. CLASS NOTES:1. Cornelia Presenting Her Children as Her Treasures:- artist: Angelica Kauffman- made in the neoclassicism style- c. 1785- the children in the piece symbolize a meaning that children are the most important things in the world, more important than any other selfish, material desires- the painting also shows children as learning; showing child viewers how to behave in society- the figures in the piece are modeling perfect family behavior- the figures are also a model of virtue- oil on canvas2. Oath of the Horatii:- artist: Jacques Louis David - important neoclassicism style painting- the artist very heavily uses old renaissance/roman painting style in reference to creating this masterful piece- located in the Louvre, Paris- oil on canvas- 1784-85- the piece represents patriotism, sacrifice, courage- in the piece are three warrior brothers raising their swords in an oath to sacrifice themselves in war (their last names being Horatti)- they mean to tell a lesson that sacrifice is necessary in order to gain or fix what is brokenand relating that to the French Revolution; the overthrow of the monarchy and France becoming a democratic republic- the painting shows symbolizes a change in society (as stated above); one must kill/sacrifice to create a republic - commissioned by the current King’s own minister of fine arts before the French Revolution (the lecturing professor said this was a very important detail)- The painting was made before the Napoleonic Empire3. Christ Healing the Blind: - Napoleon commissioned this piece – commissioned during his campaign- The piece is a war scene depicting illness (bubonic plague) featuring Napoleon as a focal point- Also featuring Napoleon as a hero - Oil on canvas- Located in the Louvre, Paris - Napoleon is shown as healing the sick while doctors and other soldiers are useless and not able to in the painting – napoleon is trying to assume a God role/complex- Artist: Nicolas Poussin - 1650- the piece is the beginning of a style/movement known as orientalism - Napoleon is a symbol of hope4. The Raft of the ‘Medusa’:- artist: Theodore Gericault- oil on canvas- located in the- the painting represents the restoration of the monarchy (having a king run France) because Napoleon makes himself king at this point- 1818-1819- this piece is a historical event shown as a painting – cannibalistic people on a raft dying and trying desperately to survive- the piece triggers a viewers imagination - the piece is also a relfection of the corrupt republic/gov’t that Napoleon has created- the piece is ultimately a bleak view of contemporary French society - an example and symbolic painting of the corrupt society’s affinity and use of nepotism- The ship in the piece is named the Medusa (refer to reference “Wrath of the Medusa” in correlation with title of piece- This piece is the beginning of the movement of romanticism5. The Nightmare:- oil on canvas- artist: Henry Fuseli- 1781- located in the Detroit Institute of Art- first artist to depict the dark terrain of the human subconscious - the piece features a renaissance dressed woman having a nightmare - the white, wide-eyed, scary horse in the background of the piece represents the woman’s nightmare- the woman is a non-classical figure- on top of the woman is an incubus - a male demon believed to have sexual intercourse with sleeping women.- The piece represents erotic and sensual feelings of women – it invokes in viewers fear, horror, sadness, pain and ultimately should excite or arouse them- The first piece to emit the style known as the “sublime” – a piece that evokes fear and pleasure and emotions6. The Third of May- artist: Francisco Goya- oil on canvas- located in the Museo Del Ptado, Madrid- The piece features French soldiers barbarically shooting down/executing Mexican