World at War 1st Edition Lecture 11 Outline of Last Lecture I. The western front (end of 1917)II. British JihadIII. Russia: November RevolutionIV. 1918- “big picture”V. Treaty of Brest-LitovskVI. Russian Rev. and USSRVII. “Ludendorf Offensive”VIII. Allied offensivesIX. The last monthX. Evolution of military Outline of Current Lecture (1919)I. Paris Peace ConferenceII. “Big Three”III. German DilemmaIV. German Territorial lossV. Dismantling the Dual MonarchyVI. League of NationsVII. Separating the OttomansThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.VIII. Failed Self- DeterminationCurrent LectureI. Paris Peace Conference-a. 27 “victorious” nations and numerous othersb. Council of ten? Four? The Big three??c. Roles of Italy and Japan circumscribedd. Balance demands of victorse. European and colonial concernsf. “14 points” and “League of Nations”g. Fear of “Bolshevism”i. Spartacists in Berlin and Ruhr1. Global movements 2. Bela Kun in Hungary (soviet)ii. Bolsheviks were not invited to the conferenceiii. 3/4: 3rd international (comintern)1. Communist international- planned to foster world revolutionII. “Big Three”-a. George Clemenceau (FR)i. France needs protection from Germanyii. Needs loans/ reparationsiii. Need to expand and maintain coloniesb. Woodrow Wilson (US)i. The USA has no territorial ambitionsii. Needs repayment of loans it gave outiii. Neutralityiv. “self- determination”/ open door policyc. David Lloyd George (GB)i. GB Wants to maintain colonial empireii. Extend control of the Middle east1. Protect oil supply and Sueziii. Divided response on GermanyIII. The German Dilemma-a. 1919- “Spartiacist League” uprisingb. Peace of reconciliation or Punishment??i. Protecting Frenchii. Giving Poland water accessiii. Maintaining Weimar Republiciv. Unfair settlement of land (according to 14 points)1. German demonstrations to place to not sign the peace treaty.c. Germany was not allowed to unify with Austriad. Losses territory of East and West coloniese. Disarmament, army allowed to only 1000 menf. “war guilt” clause : Article 231i. Blamed Germany for entire warg. Have to pay $33 billion in reparationsh. German soldiers felt they were stabbed in the back from their own people at home.IV. German Territorial Loss-a. WEST-i. Alsace- Lorraine returned to Franceii. Belgium received the small enclavesiii. Saarland administered by League of Nations on behalf of Franceiv. North Schleswig went to Denmark after plebiscitev. Rhineland demilitarizedb. EAST-i. Polish “corridor” separates East Prussia and Germany1. Danzig is a free city2. Danzig people wanted to remain Germanii. Loss of “Sudetanland” to Czechoslovakia1. About 2.5 million Germans lived thereV. Dismantling the Dual Monarchy-a. Attempts to maintain territories failsb. Austria and German unification is forbiddenc. Hungary: Bela Kun and Soviet Republic; restoration of monarchyd. Yugoslavia: multi ethnic and it slowly emergese. Czechoslovakia: multi- ethnic, and cobbled togetherf. Poland: receives sections of GaliciaVI. League of Nations-a. Jan 25, 1919: conference unanimously approves resolution for league debate on “covenant” begins.b. Feb 13, 1919- Japan introduces “racial equality” amendmenti. Wants to be seen as an equal powerc. April 11, 1919: Monroe Doctrined. Jan 10, 1920: 44 nations at the opening of the Leaguei. ¾ of total at firstii. 4 more join in 1940iii. Want no war- so arbitration and sanctions purposed1. But had no enforcement mechanismiv. Address colonial grievances1. Refugees2. Drug and sex trade3. Business4. Lawe. March 20, 1920- US second rejection of joining the LeagueVII. Separating the Ottomans-a. 1915- Hussein/McMahon letterb. 1916- Sykes/Picot agreementc. 1917- Balfour Declarationd. Great Britain-i. Has 1 million troopsii. Can’t maintain all of themiii. Must maintain Egypt and Sueziv. Gb gets Iraq, Palestine and Transjordane. France-i. Gets Syria and Lebanonf. Arabia is NOT includedVIII. Failed Self- Determination-a. Chinese delegation-i. 21 demandsii. Shandong/ Shantung peninsulaiii. Leads to the May 4th movementb. Vietnamese-i. “demands of the Annamite Patriots” ii. Letter to Wilsoniii. HCMiv. Leninv. “Stalin school”c. Middle East-i. Kurds and Arabs all desire independent statesii. Zionist want to immigrate to Palestine and create stated. Africans-i. W.E.B Dubois petitionii. Pan- African Congress in Parisiii. 57 delegates of US, Europe, Africa and west