World at War 1st Edition Lecture 7Outline of Last Lecture I. Assassination of FerdinandII. July crisisIII. Early Campaigns of WWIIV. Development of Trench warfareV. “Christmas” truceOutline of Current Lecture I. The War moves to the seaII. Submarine warfareIII. The Lusitania SinkingIV. Air warfareV. Gas warfareVI. Flame throwersVII. WWI propagandaLecture-I. The War moves to the seaa. Starting in October of 1914, Great Britain started to mine the North seai. This stopped the supply route of Germanyb. January 24th 1915- Battle of Dogger Banki. German High Seas Fleet against the Royal British Navyii. Germany lostiii. “Room 40” was Great Britain’s special intelligence group.1. This group knew of Germany’s attacks and were prepared to fightiv. The British mine blockade still remained.c. February 1915- Germany put a submarine blockade around GBII. Submarine Warfarea. Submarines were very new at this pointb. The “Prize” Rules or Regulationsi. Said that the only way a submarine could attack was to first warn the victimii. The submarine also has to surface in order to attackc. Anti-submarine Warfarei. Subs were very unstable and bendableThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.ii. Ships would charge the side of the sub to hopefully bend it and have it sinkiii. Aerial attacksiv. Mines (depth charges)- hopes a strong enough water charge would hit a sub and make it sink.v. Eventual development of a convoy system (1917)vi. A mass of naval groups was harder to find and easier to protectvii. The convoy system minimized submarine warfare III. The Lusitania Sinkinga. The Germans sunk the Steam Shipb. Germany had warned of the attacki. The warning was even on the ticketsc. About 1,200 people killed, 128 US diedd. Heightens nationalism (revenge) and dampens the “old Europe” mentality (compare to “Christmas” truce.)e. On the American side of things, President Wilson demands there to be no passenger liners.f. Secretary of state Bryan resigns saying that Wilson is anti- Germang. 2 years after the ship sunk, Wilson declares warh. **common misconception is that America got involved in WWI because of the Lusitania**IV. Air warfarea. The war leads to advances in aeronautics ( range and altitude of planes)b. “dogfights”- flying “aces”- the “Red Baron”i. The Red Baron had 80 confirmed killsii. His plane was shot down and killedc. Bombing was very inaccurate and ineffectived. Air raids on capitalsi. More damage in London than Parisii. The British raids on Germanye. Jan 1915- the 1st Zeppelin air raid of GBi. Raid by the Germansii. 5/31/1915- air raid on the suburbs of London1. Total warfare (civilian attacks)2. Impact on “old European” mentalityf. Gas warfae-i. 5/22/1915- 2nd Battle of Ypres1. German Chlorine gas attack2. 170k casualties of enemy3. 35k of German casualtiesii. Battle of Loos1. The British gassed their own troops2. The wind shiftediii. Industrial and local productions1. Cylinder or artillery delivery2. Snipers would throw the gas canister then shoot it to disperse the gas over enemies.iv. Types of gas1. Lachrymator (tear gas)2. Asphyxiant: chlorine (lung collapsing)a. Phosgene (1915)b. Diphosgene (1916)3. Blistering: Dichlorethylsulphidea. “Mustard” Gas b. This won’t kill but will take soldiers off the field due to popping blisters4. Killed about 5% roughly 90KV. Flamethrowersa. Germany invented the modern flamethrowerb. Common equipment of Germany, France, and British forcesc. Nobody wanted to be on the flamethrower groups, you were the main target.d. When a flamethrower died, it was common for group to be burned by dying man.e. Very low life expectancy for the enemy.VI. WWI propaganda-a. Was used to:i. Create and maintain enthusiasm of wasii. Raise capital (war bonds)iii. Patriotic duty iv. Nationalize warv. Boost alliesvi. Dehumanize enemiesvii. Variety of gender themesviii. The “rape” of Belgium was popularix. 10/12/1915: execution of Nurse Edith Cavell in