KIN 123 1st Edition Lecture 12Current LectureWeight Management - National institutes of healtho 68.8% of American adults are overweighto More than 35.7% of American adults are obeseo Small differences do exist within races and genders, but they all follow the same trendo These statistics are based on BMI Body mass index Includes height and weight - Basic concepts of weight managemento Body fat Essential fat: necessary for body to function 3-5% if total fat in men, 8-12% in womeno Fat storage Adipose tissue: connective tissue in which fat is stored Subcutaneous fat: located under the skin Visceral fat (intra-abdominal fat): located around major organso Factors affecting body composition Genetically determined number of fat cells Cells can increase or decrease in size depending on age, sex, metabolism, diet, activity level 1lb of fat = 3,500 calories - Energy balanceo Key to keeping a healthy ratio of fat and fat-free mass You take in energy (calories) You use up energy (calories) Energy in = energy out , you maintain current weight Energy in>energy out, you gain weight Energy in<energy out, you lose weighto Energy in-food calorieso Energy out: Physical activity 20-30% Food digestion _+ 10% Resting metabolism 65-70%- Excess body fat and wellnesso The health risks of excess body fato Reduces life expectancy by 10-20 yearsThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.o Associated with: unhealthy cholesterol and triglyceride levels, impaired heart function, and death from cardiovascular diseaseo Other health factors: hypertension, cancer, impaired immune function, gallbladder and kidney disease, skin problems, impotence, sleep and breathing disorders, back pain, arthritis, bone and joint disorderso Strong association with diabetes mellitus: a disease that disrupts normal metabolism - Body fat distribution and healtho Apple shapeo Pear shapeo Assessed by measured waist circumference Total waist measurement of more than 40 inches for men and 35 inches for women is associated with increased risk of disease Large waist circumference can be a marker for increased risk of diabetes, high blood pressure, and CVD, even in people with a BMI in the normal range- Problems associated with very low levels of body fato Very low body fat is less than 8-12 percent for women and less than 3-5 percent for meno Extreme leanness has been linked to problems with Reproductive disorders Circulatory disorders Immune system disorderso Female athlete triad Abnormal eating patterns Amenorrhea  Decreased bone density- Factors contributing to excess body fato Genetic factors 25-40 percent of an individual’s body fat The tendency to develop weight is inherited, but what you do does mattero Physiological factors Metabolism- Resting metabolic rate (RMR): the energy required to maintain vital bodyfunctions while the body is at resto Lifestyle factors Eating Physical activity Psychosocial factors- Emotionso Distraction from different feelingso Helps regulate emotionso Coping strategies- Socioeconomic status- Family and cultureExam 2 Thursday Chapters 7-1150 multiple choice questionsNumbers to know:- calories per gram of fat, carbs, protein- BAC ranges for various symptoms ex. Relaxed, stumbling, blacking out- BMI